通過使用Spring Boot應用程式,可以建立一個war檔案以部署到Web伺服器中。在本章中,將學習如何建立WAR檔案並在Tomcat Web伺服器中部署Spring Boot應用程式。
傳統的部署方式是使Spring Boot應用程式@SpringBootApplication
類擴充套件SpringBootServletInitializer
類。 SpringBootServletInitializer
類檔案允許在使用Servlet容器啟動時組態應用程式。
下面給出了用於JAR檔案部署的Spring Boot應用程式類檔案的程式碼 -
package com.yiibai.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
需要擴充套件類SpringBootServletInitializer
以支援WAR檔案部署。 Spring Boot應用程式類檔案的程式碼如下 -
package com.yiibai.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
在Spring Boot中,需要在構建檔案中指定啟動的主類。
對於Maven,在pom.xml
屬性中新增start
類,如下所示 -
<start-class>com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>
對於Gradle,在build.gradle
中新增主類名,如下所示 -
mainClassName="com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication"
使用以下程式碼將包裝JAR更新為WAR。
對於Maven,在pom.xml 中將包裝新增為WAR,如下所示 -
<packaging>war</packaging>
對於Gradle,在build.gradle 中新增應用程式外掛和war外掛,如下所示 -
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'application'
對於GradlNow,編寫一個簡單的Rest端點來返回字串:"Hello World from Tomcat"
。 要編寫Rest端點,需要將Spring Boot Web starter依賴項新增到構建檔案中。
對於Maven,使用如下所示的程式碼在pom.xml 中新增Spring Boot啟動程式依賴項 -
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
對於Gradle,使用如下所示的程式碼在build.gradle 中新增Spring Boot starter依賴項 -
dependencies {
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
}
現在,使用如下所示的程式碼在Spring Boot Application類檔案中編寫一個簡單的Rest端點 -
package com.yiibai.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/")
public String hello() {
return "Hello World from Tomcat";
}
}
現在,使用Maven和Gradle命令建立一個WAR檔案以部署到Tomcat伺服器中,以打包應用程式,如下所示。
對於Maven,使用命令mvn package
打包應用程式。 然後建立WAR檔案,可以在目標目錄中找到它,如下面給出的螢幕截圖所示 -
對於Gradle,使用命令gradle clean build
打包應用程式。 然後,將建立WAR檔案,可以在build/libs
目錄下找到它。觀察此處給出的螢幕截圖以便更好地理解 -
現在,執行Tomcat伺服器,並在webapps目錄下部署WAR檔案。觀察此處顯示的螢幕截圖以便更好地理解 -
成功部署後,點選網頁瀏覽器中的URL => http://localhost:8080/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/
,觀察輸出結果如下圖所示 -
完整程式碼如下:
檔案:pom.xml -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<start-class>com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
檔案:build.gradle
buildscript {
ext {
springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE'
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
}
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'application'
group = 'com.yiibai'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
mainClassName = "com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication"
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}
Spring Boot應用程式類檔案的程式碼如下 -
package com.yiibai.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/")
public String hello() {
return "Hello World from Tomcat";
}
}