標準庫的字串包提供了許多有用的字串相關函式。這裡有一些例子就像使用一個包的感覺。
將fmt.Println
別名縮寫為一個較短的名稱,因為將在下面範例程式碼中使用它。
下面是字串中可用函式的範例。因為這些是來自包的函式,而不是字串物件本身的方法,所以我們需要將有問題的字串作為函式的第一個引數傳遞。可以在字串包docs
中找到更多的函式。
不是字串的一部分,但值得一提的是,以位元組為單位獲取字串長度並按索引獲取位元組的機制。
注意len
和索引在位元組級上工作的。 Go使用UTF-8
編碼字串,因此這通常是有用的。如果使用潛在的多位元組字元,將需要使用編碼轉換操作。有關詳細資訊,請參閱Go中的字串,位元組,符文和字元(http://blog.golang.org/strings)。
所有的範例程式碼,都放在
F:\worksp\golang
目錄下。安裝Go程式設計環境請參考:/2/23/798.html
string-functions.go
的完整程式碼如下所示 -
package main
import s "strings"
import "fmt"
// We alias `fmt.Println` to a shorter name as we'll use
// it a lot below.
var p = fmt.Println
func main() {
// Here's a sample of the functions available in
// `strings`. Since these are functions from the
// package, not methods on the string object itself,
// we need pass the string in question as the first
// argument to the function. You can find more
// functions in the [`strings`](http://golang.org/pkg/strings/)
// package docs.
p("Contains: ", s.Contains("test", "es"))
p("Count: ", s.Count("test", "t"))
p("HasPrefix: ", s.HasPrefix("test", "te"))
p("HasSuffix: ", s.HasSuffix("test", "st"))
p("Index: ", s.Index("test", "e"))
p("Join: ", s.Join([]string{"a", "b"}, "-"))
p("Repeat: ", s.Repeat("a", 5))
p("Replace: ", s.Replace("foo", "o", "0", -1))
p("Replace: ", s.Replace("foo", "o", "0", 1))
p("Split: ", s.Split("a-b-c-d-e", "-"))
p("ToLower: ", s.ToLower("TEST"))
p("ToUpper: ", s.ToUpper("test"))
p()
// Not part of `strings`, but worth mentioning here, are
// the mechanisms for getting the length of a string in
// bytes and getting a byte by index.
p("Len: ", len("hello"))
p("Char:", "hello"[1])
}
// Note that `len` and indexing above work at the byte level.
// Go uses UTF-8 encoded strings, so this is often useful
// as-is. If you're working with potentially multi-byte
// characters you'll want to use encoding-aware operations.
// See [strings, bytes, runes and characters in Go](http://blog.golang.org/strings)
// for more information.
執行上面程式碼,將得到以下輸出結果 -
F:\worksp\golang>go run string-functions.go
Contains: true
Count: 2
HasPrefix: true
HasSuffix: true
Index: 1
Join: a-b
Repeat: aaaaa
Replace: f00
Replace: f0o
Split: [a b c d e]
ToLower: test
ToUpper: TEST
Len: 5
Char: 101