dup, dup2 - 複製一個檔案描述符
#includeint dup(int oldfd); int dup2(int oldfd, int newfd);
dup() 和 dup2() 建立檔案描述符的副本 oldfd.
After a successful return from dup() or dup2(),the old and new file descriptors may be used interchangeably. They refer to the same open file description (see open(2)) and thus share file offset and file status flags; for example, if the file offset is modified by using lseek(2) on one of the descriptors, the offset is also changed for the other.
The two descriptors do not share file descriptor flags (the close-on-exec flag). The close-on-exec flag (FD_CLOEXEC; see fcntl(2)) for the duplicate descriptor is off.
dup() 使用編號最小的未用描述符的新的描述符。
dup2() 使得newfd是oldfd副本，先關閉newfd，如果必要的話。
| 標籤 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| EBADF | oldfd isn’t an open file descriptor, or newfd is out of the allowed range for file descriptors. |
| EBUSY | (Linux only) This may be returned by dup2() during a race condition with open() and dup(). |
| EINTR | The dup2() call was interrupted by a signal. |
| EMFILE | The process already has the maximum number of file descriptors open and tried to open a new one. |
The error returned by dup2() is different from that returned by fcntl(..., F_DUPFD, ...)when newfd is out of range. On some systems dup2() also sometimes returns EINVALlike F_DUPFD.
If newfd was open, any errors that would have been reported at close() time, are lost. A careful programmer will not use dup2() without closing newfd first.
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.