Spring AOP基於XML的應用程式
從這篇文章開始，我們使用Spring-AOP框架編寫實際的AOP應用程式。在開始使用Spring-WS框架編寫第一個範例之前，必須確保已經按照Spring AOP安裝組態教學中的說明正確設定了Spring-AOP開發執行環境。
現在我們繼續來編寫一個簡單的基於控制台的Spring AOP應用程式，它用於演示AOP的概念。
先來看看要建立的專案的目錄結構 -
建立專案
開啟命令控制台，進入D:\MVN目錄並執行下面的mvn命令。
D:\MVN> mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.yiibai -DartifactId=Student -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
上面命令執行後，Maven將開始處理，並將建立完整的java應用程式專案結構。您可能會看到一堆下載的東西，但是不要驚慌，耐心等待下載和構建完成，如下所示 -
Downloaded: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-quickstart/1.0/maven-archetype-quickstart-1.0.jar (5 KB at 7.7 KB/sec)
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.0
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: D:\mvn
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.yiibai
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.yiibai
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: Student
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.yiibai
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: D:\mvn\Student
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 09:20 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-04-12T03:05:53+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 14M/99M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
D:\mvn>
現在開啟C：\MVN目錄。您將看到一個名為student的java應用程式專案(在artifactId中指定)。更新POM.xml以包含Spring-AOP依賴關係。新增MainApp.java，Student.java和Logging.java這幾個程式碼檔案。
檔案 - POM.xml 的內容如下 -
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
<artifactId>Student</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Student</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
檔案 - Logging.java 的內容如下 -
package com.yiibai;
public class Logging {
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* before a selected method execution.
*/
public void beforeAdvice(){
System.out.println("Going to setup student profile.");
}
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* after a selected method execution.
*/
public void afterAdvice(){
System.out.println("Student profile has been setup.");
}
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* when any method returns.
*/
public void afterReturningAdvice(Object retVal){
System.out.println("Returning:" + retVal.toString() );
}
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* if there is an exception raised.
*/
public void AfterThrowingAdvice(IllegalArgumentException ex){
System.out.println("There has been an exception: " + ex.toString());
}
}
檔案 - Student.java 的內容如下 -
package com.yiibai;
public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getAge() {
System.out.println("Age : " + age );
return age;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
System.out.println("Name : " + name );
return name;
}
public void printThrowException(){
System.out.println("Exception raised");
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
檔案 - MainApp.java 的內容如下 -
package com.yiibai;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
student.getName();
student.getAge();
student.printThrowException();
}
}
在src/main/resources檔案夾下新增組態檔案Beans.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="log" ref="logging">
<aop:pointcut id="selectAll"
expression="execution(* com.yiibai.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:before pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="beforeAdvice"/>
<aop:after pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="afterAdvice"/>
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="selectAll"
returning="retVal"
method="afterReturningAdvice"/>
<aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="selectAll"
throwing="ex"
method="AfterThrowingAdvice"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<!-- Definition for student bean -->
<bean id="student" class="com.yiibai.Student">
<property name="name" value="Maxsu" />
<property name="age" value="21"/>
</bean>
<!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
<bean id="logging" class="com.yiibai.Logging"/>
</beans>
開啟命令控制台，進入D:\MVN目錄並執行下面的mvn命令。
D:\MVN>Student> mvn package
Maven將開始處理並下載所需的庫。
Downloading: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.jar
Downloading: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar
Downloaded: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/apache/maven/maven-archiver/2.5/maven-archiver-2.5.jar (22 KB at 25.9 KB/sec)
Downloaded: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-io/2.0.2/plexus-io-2.0.2.jar (57 KB at 54.3 KB/sec)
Downloaded: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-lang/commons-lang/2.1/commons-lang-2.1.jar (203 KB at 188.7 KB/sec)
Downloaded: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar (221 KB at 145.8 KB/sec)
Downloaded: http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-archiver/2.1/plexus-archiver-2.1.jar (181 KB at 100.8 KB/sec)
[INFO] Building jar: D:\mvn\Student\target\Student-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 43.164 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-04-12T05:11:44+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 19M/158M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
D:\mvn\Student>
在Eclipse中匯入專案
開啟Eclipse IDE，匯入專案目錄。
選擇檔案>匯入>選項。
選擇Maven專案選項。點選下一步按鈕。
選擇專案位置，其中使用Maven建立Student專案。
單擊完成按鈕。
執行專案
完成建立原始碼和組態檔案後，執行應用程式。 右鍵單擊應用程式中的MainApp.java，並使用執行方式作為Java應用程式命令。 如果您的應用程式沒有問題，將列印以下訊息：
四月 12, 2017 5:19:04 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
資訊: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@300ffa5d: startup date [Wed Apr 12 05:19:04 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
四月 12, 2017 5:19:04 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
資訊: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [Beans.xml]
Going to setup student profile.
Exception in thread "main" Name : Maxsu
Student profile has been setup.
Returning:Maxsu
Going to setup student profile.
Age : 21
Student profile has been setup.
Returning:21
Going to setup student profile.
Exception raised
Student profile has been setup.
There has been an exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
at com.yiibai.Student.printThrowException(Student.java:25)
at com.yiibai.Student$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$e9280b4b.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:717)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.invoke(MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java:52)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterAdvice.java:43)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.invoke(AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.java:52)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:58)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:653)
at com.yiibai.Student$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$92ccc3c2.printThrowException(<generated>)
at com.yiibai.MainApp.main(MainApp.java:16)