JPA標準Having子句

HAVING子句與GROUP BY子句一起用於過濾表中的資料。 在Criteria API中，Abstract介面的having()方法用於設定分組資料的條件。

標準Having範例

在這裡，我們將在student表上執行多個Having操作。假設該表包含以下記錄 -

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `S_ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `S_NAME` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `S_AGE` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`S_ID`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of student
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('101', 'Gaurav', '24');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('102', 'Rahul', '22');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('103', 'Chris', '20');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('104', 'Ronit', '26');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('105', 'Roy', '21');

現在，請按照以下步驟執行操作: -

第1步: 建立一個實體類。在com.yiibai.jpa包下建立了StudentEntity.java類檔案。 該類包含三個屬性:s_id，s_name，s_age以及所有必需的註解。

檔案:StudentEntity.java -

package com.yiibai.jpa;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class StudentEntity {

    @Id
    private int s_id;
    private String s_name;
    private int s_age;

    public StudentEntity(int s_id, String s_name, int s_age) {
        super();
        this.s_id = s_id;
        this.s_name = s_name;
        this.s_age = s_age;
    }

    public StudentEntity() {
        super();
    }

    public int getS_id() {
        return s_id;
    }

    public void setS_id(int s_id) {
        this.s_id = s_id;
    }

    public String getS_name() {
        return s_name;
    }

    public void setS_name(String s_name) {
        this.s_name = s_name;
    }

    public int getS_age() {
        return s_age;
    }

    public void setS_age(int s_age) {
        this.s_age = s_age;
    }

}

第2步: 將實體類和其他資料庫組態對映到 persistence.xml 檔案中。

檔案:Persistence.xml -

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="Student_details">
        <class>com.yiibai.jpa.StudentEntity</class>  
        <properties>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver"
                value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url"
                value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?serverTimezone=UTC" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password"
                value="123456" />
            <property name="eclipselink.logging.level" value="SEVERE" />
            <property name="eclipselink.ddl-generation"
                value="create-or-extend-tables" />
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>

</persistence>

這裡，我們建立了基本實體類並將組態對映到persistence.xml 檔案中，可以通過以下方式執行不同型別的GROUP BY排序操作 -

在這裡，我們將通過一個簡單的範例演示如何從資料庫指定HAVING條件查詢獲取分組後符合條件的資料。

檔案:StudentHaving.java -

package com.yiibai.jpa.jpql;

import com.yiibai.jpa.StudentEntity;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.persistence.criteria.*;

import java.util.*;

public class StudentHaving {

    public static void main(String args[]) {

        EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("Student_details");
        EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
        em.getTransaction().begin();

        CriteriaBuilder cb = em.getCriteriaBuilder();
        CriteriaQuery<Object[]> cq = cb.createQuery(Object[].class);
        Root<StudentEntity> stud = cq.from(StudentEntity.class);

        cq.multiselect(stud.get("s_age"), cb.count(stud)).groupBy(stud.get("s_age"))
                .having(cb.ge(stud.get("s_age"), 24));

        System.out.print("s_age");
        System.out.println("\t Count");
        List<Object[]> list = em.createQuery(cq).getResultList();
        for (Object[] object : list) {
            System.out.println(object[0] + " " + object[1]);

        }

        em.getTransaction().commit();
        em.close();
        emf.close();
    }
}

執行上面程式碼，得到以下輸出結果 -

s_age     Count
24 1
26 1