HttpClient Cookies管理

Cookie是儲存在用戶端計算機上的文字檔案，用於各種資訊跟蹤目的。

HttpClient可以為建立和管理cookie提供支援。

按照下面給出的步驟使用HttpClient庫建立cookie。

第1步 - 建立Cookiestore物件

CookieStore介面表示Cookie物件的抽象儲存。可以通過範例化BasicCookieStore類來建立cookie儲存，BasicCookieStore類是此介面的預設實現。

//Creating the CookieStore object
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();

第2步 - 建立ClientCookie物件

除了cookie的功能之外，ClientCookie還可以在伺服器中獲取原始cookie。可以通過範例化BasicClientCookie類來建立用戶端cookie。對於此類別建構函式，需要傳遞要在該特定cookie中儲存的鍵值對。

//Creating client cookie
BasicClientCookie clientCookie = new BasicClientCookie("name","maxsu");

第3步 - 將值設定為cookie

對於用戶端cookie，可以使用相應的方法設定/刪除路徑，值，版本，到期日期，域，注釋和屬性。

Calendar myCal = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 9, 26);
Date expiryDate = myCal.getTime();
clientcookie.setExpiryDate(expiryDate);
clientcookie.setPath("/");
clientcookie.setSecure(true);
clientcookie.setValue("25");
clientcookie.setVersion(5);

第4步 - 將cookie新增到儲存區

可以使用BasicCookieStore類的addCookie()方法將cookie新增到儲存區。

將所需的cookie新增到Cookiestore。

//Adding the created cookies to cookie store
cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie);

範例

以下範例演示了如何建立cookie並將其新增到cookie儲存中。在這裡，我們通過設定域和路徑值建立了一個cookie儲存區，一些cookie，並將這些儲存區新增到cookie儲存區。

import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie;

public class CookieHandlingExample {

   public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{

      //Creating the CookieStore object
      CookieStore cookiestore = new BasicCookieStore();

      //Creating client cookies
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie1 = new BasicClientCookie("name","Maxsu");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie2 = new BasicClientCookie("age","28");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie3 = new BasicClientCookie("place","Hyderabad");

      //Setting domains and paths to the created cookies
      clientcookie1.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie2.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie3.setDomain(".sample.com");

      clientcookie1.setPath("/");
      clientcookie2.setPath("/");
      clientcookie3.setPath("/");

      //Adding the created cookies to cookie store
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie1);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie2);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie3);
   }
}

可以使用asicCookieStore類的getCookies()方法將cookie新增到cookie儲存中。此方法返回一個列表，其中包含cookie儲存中的所有cookie。

可以使用疊代器列印cookie儲存的內容，如下所示 -

//Retrieving the cookies
List list = cookieStore.getCookies();

//Creating an iterator to the obtained list
Iterator it = list.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
   System.out.println(it.next());
}

範例

以下範例演示了如何從cookie儲存中檢索cookie。在這裡，我們將一此cookie新增到cookie儲存區並將其檢索出來。

import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie;

public class CookieHandlingExample {

   public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{

      //Creating the CookieStore object
      CookieStore cookiestore = new BasicCookieStore();

      //Creating client cookies
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie1 = new BasicClientCookie("name","Maxsu");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie2 = new BasicClientCookie("age","28");
      BasicClientCookie clientcookie3 = new BasicClientCookie("place","Hyderabad");

      //Setting domains and paths to the created cookies
      clientcookie1.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie2.setDomain(".sample.com");
      clientcookie3.setDomain(".sample.com");

      clientcookie1.setPath("/");
      clientcookie2.setPath("/");
      clientcookie3.setPath("/");

      //Adding the created cookies to cookie store
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie1);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie2);
      cookiestore.addCookie(clientcookie3);
   }
}

執行上面範例程式碼，得到以下結果：

[version: 0][name: age][value: 28][domain: .sample.com][path: /][expiry: null]
[version: 0][name: name][value: Maxsu][domain: my.example.com][path: /][expiry:
null]
[version: 0][name: place][value: Hyderabad][domain: .sample.com][path:
/][expiry: null]

建立一個cookie

範例

檢索cookie

範例