Apache POI電子試算表/Spreadsheet


本章將介紹如何建立一個電子試算表,並使用Java操縱它。電子試算表是在Excel檔案中的頁面;它包含具有特定名稱的行和列。

讀完本章後,將能夠建立一個電子試算表,並能在其上執行讀取操作。

建立電子試算表

首先,讓我們建立一個使用在前面的章節中討論的參照的類的電子試算表。按照前面的章節中,首先建立一個工作簿,然後我們就可以去,並建立一個表。

下面的程式碼片段用於建立電子試算表。

//Create Blank workbook
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); 
//Create a blank spreadsheet
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet Name");

在電子試算表的行

電子試算表有一個網格布局。行和列被標識與特定的名稱。該列標識字母和行用數位。

下面的程式碼片段用於建立一個行。

XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow((short)1);

寫入到電子試算表

讓我們考慮雇員資料的一個例子。這裡的雇員資料給出以表格形式。

Emp Id Emp Name 稱號
Tp01 Gopal Technical Manager
TP02 Manisha Proof Reader
Tp03 Masthan Technical Writer
Tp04 Satish Technical Writer
Tp05 Krishna Technical Writer

以下程式碼是用來寫上述資料到電子試算表。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class Writesheet 
{
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception 
   {
      //Create blank workbook
      XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); 
      //Create a blank sheet
      XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet( 
      " Employee Info ");
      //Create row object
      XSSFRow row;
      //This data needs to be written (Object[])
      Map < String, Object[] > empinfo = 
      new TreeMap < String, Object[] >();
      empinfo.put( "1", new Object[] { 
      "EMP ID", "EMP NAME", "DESIGNATION" });
      empinfo.put( "2", new Object[] { 
      "tp01", "Gopal", "Technical Manager" });
      empinfo.put( "3", new Object[] { 
      "tp02", "Manisha", "Proof Reader" });
      empinfo.put( "4", new Object[] { 
      "tp03", "Masthan", "Technical Writer" });
      empinfo.put( "5", new Object[] { 
      "tp04", "Satish", "Technical Writer" });
      empinfo.put( "6", new Object[] { 
      "tp05", "Krishna", "Technical Writer" });
      //Iterate over data and write to sheet
      Set < String > keyid = empinfo.keySet();
      int rowid = 0;
      for (String key : keyid)
      {
         row = spreadsheet.createRow(rowid++);
         Object [] objectArr = empinfo.get(key);
         int cellid = 0;
         for (Object obj : objectArr)
         {
            Cell cell = row.createCell(cellid++);
            cell.setCellValue((String)obj);
         }
      }
      //Write the workbook in file system
      FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream( 
      new File("Writesheet.xlsx"));
      workbook.write(out);
      out.close();
      System.out.println( 
      "Writesheet.xlsx written successfully" );
   }
}

上面的Java程式碼儲存為Writesheet.java,然後並在命令提示字元下編譯執行,如下所示:

$javac Writesheet.java
$java Writesheet

這將編譯和執行來生成一個Excel檔案名為Writesheet.xlsx在當前目錄中,在命令提示字元處鍵入以下輸出。

Writesheet.xlsx written successfully

Writesheet.xlsx檔案的內容如下所示。

Writesheet

從電子試算表讀取資料

讓我們考慮上述excel檔案命名Writesheet.xslx作為輸入檔案。注意下面的程式碼;它是用於從電子試算表中讀取資料。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class Readsheet 
{
   static XSSFRow row;
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception 
   {
      FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(
      new File("WriteSheet.xlsx"));
      XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);
      XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
      Iterator < Row > rowIterator = spreadsheet.iterator();
      while (rowIterator.hasNext()) 
      {
         row = (XSSFRow) rowIterator.next();
         Iterator < Cell > cellIterator = row.cellIterator();
         while ( cellIterator.hasNext()) 
         {
            Cell cell = cellIterator.next();
            switch (cell.getCellType()) 
            {
               case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
               System.out.print( 
               cell.getNumericCellValue() + " \t\t " );
               break;
               case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
               System.out.print(
               cell.getStringCellValue() + " \t\t " );
               break;
            }
         }
         System.out.println();
      }
      fis.close();
   }
}

讓我們把上面的程式碼儲存在Readsheet.java檔案,然後編譯並在命令提示字元下執行,如下所示:

$javac Readsheet.java
$java Readsheet

如果您的系統環境組態了POI庫,它會編譯和執行產生在命令提示字元處鍵入以下輸出。

EMP ID EMP NAME DESIGNATION 
 tp01   Gopal    Technical Manager 
 tp02   Manisha  Proof Reader 
 tp03   Masthan  Technical Writer 
 tp04   Satish   Technical Writer 
 tp05   Krishna  Technical Writer