JdbcTemplate
類使用org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper <T>
介面在每行的基礎上對映ResultSet
的行。該介面的實現執行將每行對映到結果物件的實際工作。如果丟擲SQLExceptions
將被呼叫的JdbcTemplate
捕獲和處理。
介面的宣告
以下是org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper<T>
介面的宣告 -
public interface RowMapper<T>
用法
步驟1 - 使用組態的資料源建立一個JdbcTemplate
物件。
步驟2 - 建立一個實現RowMapper
介面的StudentMapper
物件。
步驟3 - 使用JdbcTemplate
物件方法在使用StudentMapper
物件時進行資料庫操作。
以下範例將演示如何使用spring jdbc進行讀取查詢。使用StudentMapper
物件將讀取記錄從student
表對映到Student
物件。
語法
String SQL = "select * from Student";
List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL,
new StudentMapper());
在上面範例(語法)程式碼中 -
StudentJDBCTemplate
物件從資料庫中讀取Student
物件。StudentMapper
物件將學生記錄對映到Student
物件。要了解上述與Spring JDBC相關的概念,下面我們編寫一個使用Mapper
物件來讀取查詢並對映結果到Student
物件。開啟Eclipse IDE,並按照以下步驟建立一個Spring應用程式,這裡建立一個名稱為:RowMapper 的專案。
步驟說明
完整的專案結構如下所示 -
以下是Maven組態檔案:pom.xml的程式碼內容:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
<artifactId>RowMapper</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>RowMapper</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.40</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
以下是資料存取物件介面檔案:StudentDAO.java的內容:
package com.yiibai;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public interface StudentDAO {
/**
* This is the method to be used to initialize database resources ie.
* connection.
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
/**
* This is the method to be used to list down all the records from the
* Student table.
*/
public List<Student> listStudents();
public Student getStudent(Integer id);
public void create(String name, Integer age);
}
以下是檔案:Student.java的程式碼內容:
package com.yiibai;
public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
private Integer id;
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
}
以下是檔案:StudentMapper.java的程式碼內容:
package com.yiibai;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
return student;
}
}
實現類StudentJDBCTemplate.java
實現了定義的DAO介面 - StudentDAO.java
,以下是檔案:StudentJDBCTemplate.java的程式碼內容:
package com.yiibai;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.PreparedStatementSetter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.ResultSetExtractor;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
public List<Student> listStudents() {
String SQL = "select * from Student";
List<Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper());
return students;
}
public void create(String name, Integer age) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String insertQuery = "insert into student (name, age) values (?, ?)";
jdbcTemplateObject.update(insertQuery, name, age);
System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
return;
}
public Student getStudent(final Integer id) {
final String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ? ";
List<Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new PreparedStatementSetter() {
public void setValues(PreparedStatement preparedStatement) throws SQLException {
preparedStatement.setInt(1, id);
}
}, new StudentMapper());
return students.get(0);
}
}
以下是檔案:MainApp.java的程式碼內容:
package com.yiibai;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-beans.xml");
StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Maxsu", 21);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Curry", 22);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Suzend", 23);
System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------");
List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
for (Student record : students) {
System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId());
System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName());
System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
}
}
}
以下是檔案:application-beans.xml的程式碼內容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">
<!-- Initialization for data source -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
</bean>
<!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
<bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
注意: application-beans.xml 檔案的位置是:{workspace}/fistapp/src/main/java 目錄,如果放置錯了,程式可能會因為找不到此組態檔案而出錯。
完成建立原始碼和bean和資料庫連線資訊的檔案組態後,執行應用程式。這裡先簡單說明一下執行的步驟,在專案名稱(RowMapper)上點選右鍵,在彈出的選單中選擇:【Run As】-> 【Maven test】
在執行測試成功後,應該會輸出類似以下內容(含有 BUILD SUCCESS 的資訊) 。
接下來,點選類檔案:MainApp.java 選擇【Run As】->【Java Application】,如果應用程式一切正常,這將列印以下結果:
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Maxsu Age = 21
Created Record Name = Curry Age = 22
Created Record Name = Suzend Age = 23
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Maxsu, Age : 21
ID : 2, Name : Curry, Age : 22
ID : 3, Name : Suzend, Age : 23