EJB3.0,EJB查詢語言編寫自定義的查詢非常方便,不用擔心底層資料庫的詳細資訊。這是很相似的HQL(Hibernate查詢語言),通常被稱為按名稱EJBQL。
要理解熟悉ejb的EJBQL,要做好以下幾項工作。
步驟 1. 在資料庫中建立表.
步驟 2. 建立一個無狀態EJB.
步驟 3. 更新無狀態的EJB。新增新增記錄並獲得通過實體管理器從資料庫中記錄的方法。
步驟 4. 一個基於控制台應用程式用戶端將存取無狀態EJB的持久化資料庫中的資料。
建立表 books 在預設資料庫 postgres.
CREATE TABLE books ( id integer PRIMARY KEY, name varchar(50) );
public class Book implements Serializable{ private int id; private String name; public Book(){ } public int getId() { return id; } ... }
@Stateless public class LibraryPersistentBean implements LibraryPersistentBeanRemote { public void addBook(Book book) { //persist book using entity manager } public List<Book> getBooks() { //get books using entity manager } ... }
構建EJB模組後,我們需要一個無狀態的bean,我們將在下一節要建立用戶端來存取。
讓我們建立一個測試EJB應用程式來測試EJB的資料庫存取機制。
Step | Description |
---|---|
1 | Create a project with a name EjbComponent under a package com.tutorialspoint.entity as explained in the EJB - Create Application chapter. You can also use the project created in EJB - Create Application chapter as such for this chapter to understand ejb data access concepts. |
2 | Create Book.java under package com.tutorialspoint.entity and modify it as shown below. |
3 | Create LibraryPersistentBean.java and LibraryPersistentBeanRemote as explained in the EJB - Create Application chapter and modify them as shown below. |
4 | Clean and Build the application to make sure business logic is working as per the requirements. |
5 | Finally, deploy the application in the form of jar file on JBoss Application Server. JBoss Application server will get started automatically if it is not started yet. |
6 | Now create the ejb client, a console based application in the same way as explained in theEJB - Create Application chapter under topic Create Client to access EJB. Modify it as shown below. |
package com.tutorialspoint.entity; import java.io.Serializable; public class Book implements Serializable{ private int id; private String name; public Book(){ } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
package com.tutorialspoint.stateless; import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Book; import java.util.List; import javax.ejb.Remote; @Remote public interface LibraryPersistentBeanRemote { void addBook(Book bookName); List<Book> getBooks(); }
package com.tutorialspoint.stateless; import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Book; import java.util.List; import javax.ejb.Stateless; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; import javax.persistence.Query; @Stateless public class LibraryPersistentBean implements LibraryPersistentBeanRemote { public LibraryPersistentBean(){ } @PersistenceContext(unitName="EntityEjbPU") private EntityManager entityManager; public void addBook(Book book) { entityManager.persist(book); } public List<Book> getBooks() { //create an ejbql expression String ejbQL = "From Book b where b.name like ?1"; //create query Query query = entityManager.createQuery(ejbQL); //substitute parameter. query.setParameter(1, "%test%"); //execute the query return query.getResultList(); } }
只要在JBoss部署 EjbComponent專案,會注意到jboss的紀錄檔。
JBoss已經自動為我們的對談bean建立一個JNDI條目 -LibraryPersistentBean/remote.
我們將使用這個查詢字串來獲得遠端型別的業務物件 -com.tutorialspoint.stateless.LibraryPersistentBeanRemote
... 16:30:01,401 INFO [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in Global JNDI: LibraryPersistentBean/remote - EJB3.x Default Remote Business Interface LibraryPersistentBean/remote-com.tutorialspoint.stateless.LibraryPersistentBeanRemote - EJB3.x Remote Business Interface 16:30:02,723 INFO [SessionSpecContainer] Starting jboss.j2ee:jar=EjbComponent.jar,name=LibraryPersistentBeanRemote,service=EJB3 16:30:02,723 INFO [EJBContainer] STARTED EJB: com.tutorialspoint.stateless.LibraryPersistentBeanRemote ejbName: LibraryPersistentBean 16:30:02,731 INFO [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in Global JNDI: LibraryPersistentBean/remote - EJB3.x Default Remote Business Interface LibraryPersistentBean/remote-com.tutorialspoint.stateless.LibraryPersistentBeanRemote - EJB3.x Remote Business Interface ...
java.naming.factory.initial=org.jnp.interfaces.NamingContextFactory java.naming.factory.url.pkgs=org.jboss.naming:org.jnp.interfaces java.naming.provider.url=localhost
這些屬性是用來初始化InitialContext物件的Java命名服務
InitialContext的物件將被用於查詢無狀態對談bean
package com.tutorialspoint.test; import com.tutorialspoint.stateless.LibraryPersistentBeanRemote; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.util.List; import java.util.Properties; import javax.naming.InitialContext; import javax.naming.NamingException; public class EJBTester { BufferedReader brConsoleReader = null; Properties props; InitialContext ctx; { props = new Properties(); try { props.load(new FileInputStream("jndi.properties")); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } try { ctx = new InitialContext(props); } catch (NamingException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } brConsoleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); } public static void main(String[] args) { EJBTester ejbTester = new EJBTester(); ejbTester.testEntityEjb(); } private void showGUI(){ System.out.println("**********************"); System.out.println("Welcome to Book Store"); System.out.println("**********************"); System.out.print("Options 1. Add Book 2. Exit Enter Choice: "); } private void testEntityEjb(){ try { int choice = 1; LibraryPersistentBeanRemote libraryBean = LibraryPersistentBeanRemote) ctx.lookup("LibraryPersistentBean/remote"); while (choice != 2) { String bookName; showGUI(); String strChoice = brConsoleReader.readLine(); choice = Integer.parseInt(strChoice); if (choice == 1) { System.out.print("Enter book name: "); bookName = brConsoleReader.readLine(); Book book = new Book(); book.setName(bookName); libraryBean.addBook(book); } else if (choice == 2) { break; } } List<Book> booksList = libraryBean.getBooks(); System.out.println("Book(s) entered so far: " + booksList.size()); int i = 0; for (Book book:booksList) { System.out.println((i+1)+". " + book.getName()); i++; } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); }finally { try { if(brConsoleReader !=null){ brConsoleReader.close(); } } catch (IOException ex) { System.out.println(ex.getMessage()); } } } }
EJBTester做以下任務。
jndi.properties中載入和初始化的InitialContext物件。
在testStatefulEjb()方法,JNDI名稱進行查詢 - "LibraryStatelessSessionBean/remote" 以獲得遠端業務物件(狀態EJB)。
然後使用者顯示一個庫儲存的使用者介面和他/她被要求輸入選擇。
如果使用者輸入1,系統要求輸入書籍名稱和節省了使用無狀態的對談bean addBook()方法。對談Bean堅持這本書中通過EntityManager的呼叫資料庫。
如果使用者輸入2,系統檢索書使用狀態對談Bean getBooks()方法和退出。
然後另一個JNDI名稱進行查詢 - "LibraryStatelessSessionBean/remote"獲得遠端業務物件(狀態EJB)再次列出書籍。
在專案資源管理器中找到EJBTester.java。右鍵點選上EJBTester類,並選擇run file.
在Netbeans控制台驗證以下輸出。
run: ********************** Welcome to Book Store ********************** Options 1. Add Book 2. Exit Enter Choice: 1 Enter book name: Learn Testing ********************** Welcome to Book Store ********************** Options 1. Add Book 2. Exit Enter Choice: 2 Book(s) entered so far: 1 1. learn Testing BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 15 seconds)