建立空的回圈佇列,並實現入隊、出隊、返回佇列的長度、返回隊頭元素、佇列的遍歷等基本演算法。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ERROR 0
#define OK 1
#define MAXQSIZE 100
typedef int Status;
typedef int QElemType;
typedef struct{
QElemType *base;
int front, rear;
}SqQueue;
Status InitQueue(SqQueue & ); //空佇列
Status EnQueue(SqQueue & , QElemType ); //入隊
Status DeQueue(SqQueue & , QElemType & ); //出隊
int QueueLength(SqQueue ); //佇列長度
Status GetHead(SqQueue , QElemType & ); //隊頭
Status QueueTraverse(SqQueue ); //遍歷
//應用
Status bank_simulation(); //銀行客戶平均等待時間
int main()
{
SqQueue Q;
int a;
QElemType e;
if(!InitQueue(Q)) printf("Create Error!\n");
while(1)
{
printf("1:Enter\n2:Delete\n3:Get the front\n4:Return the length of the queue\n5:Load the queue\n0:Exit\nPlease choose:\n");
scanf("%d",&a);
switch(a)
{
case 1: printf("Enter the element: ");
scanf("%d", &e);
if(!EnQueue(Q,e)) printf("Enter Error!\n\n");
else printf("The element is %d successfully entered!\n\n", e);
break;
case 2: if(!DeQueue(Q,e)) printf("Delete Error!\n\n");
else printf("The element is %d successfully deleted!\n\n", e);
break;
case 3: if(!GetHead(Q,e)) printf("Get Head Error!\n\n");
else printf("The head of the queue is %d!\n\n", e);
break;
case 4: printf("The length of the queue is %d\n\n", QueueLength(Q));
break;
case 5: printf("The queue is ");
QueueTraverse(Q);
printf("\n");
break;
case 0: return OK;
}
}
}
Status InitQueue(SqQueue &Q)
{
Q.base = (QElemType *) malloc (MAXQSIZE * sizeof(QElemType));
if(!Q.base) return ERROR;
Q.front = Q.rear =0;
return OK;
}
Status EnQueue(SqQueue &Q, QElemType e)
{
if((Q.rear+1)%MAXQSIZE == Q.front) return ERROR;
Q.base[Q.rear] = e;
Q.rear = (Q.rear+1) % MAXQSIZE;
return OK;
}
Status DeQueue(SqQueue &Q, QElemType &e)
{
if(Q.front == Q.rear) return ERROR;
e = Q.base[Q.front];
Q.front = (Q.front+1) % MAXQSIZE;
return OK;
}
int QueueLength(SqQueue Q)
{
return((Q.rear - Q.front + MAXQSIZE) % MAXQSIZE);
}
Status GetHead(SqQueue Q, QElemType &e)
{
if(Q.front == Q.rear) return ERROR;
e = Q.base[Q.front];
return OK;
}
Status QueueTraverse(SqQueue Q)
{
int i;
if(Q.front == Q.rear) printf("The queue is empty!\n");
else
for(i=Q.front; i!=Q.rear; i=(i+1)%MAXQSIZE)
printf("%d ", Q.base[i]);
printf("\n");
return OK;
}
佇列的應用:銀行客戶平均等待時間(一個視窗)
到達時間 arrivaltime
辦理業務時間 duration
離開時間 departure
等待時間 waittime
總等待時間 total
輸入格式
第一行:一天內的客戶總人數n
第二行:第一個客戶的到達時刻和需要辦理業務的時間
第三行:第二個客戶的到達時刻和需要辦理業務的時間
……
第n行:第n - 1個客戶的到達時刻和需要辦理業務的時間
第n + 1行:第n 個客戶的到達時刻和需要辦理業務的時間
輸出格式
第一行:所有客戶的平均等待時間(精確到小數點後2位)
Status bank_simulation()
{
SqQueue Q;
int n, i;
int arrivaltime, duration, departure, waittime, total=0;
float agv;
if(!InitQueue(Q)) printf("Create Error!\n");
printf("請輸入一天內的客戶總人數: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for(i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
printf("請輸入第%d個客戶的到達時刻和需要辦理業務的時間: \n", i);
scanf("%d %d", &arrivaltime, &duration);
EnQueue(Q, arrivaltime);
EnQueue(Q, duration);
}
DeQueue(Q, arrivaltime);
DeQueue(Q, duration);
departure = duration + arrivaltime;
while(Q.front != Q.rear)
{
DeQueue(Q, arrivaltime);
waittime = departure - arrivaltime;
DeQueue(Q, duration);
departure += duration;
total += waittime;
}
agv = total*1.0 / n ;
printf("平均等待時間:%.2f\n", agv);
}