了解一下 setV，它是一個輕量級的 Python 虛擬環境管理器，是 virtualenvwrapper 的替代產品。
這一年多來，我的 bash_scripts 專案中悄悄隱藏這 setV，但現在是時候該公開了。setV 是一個 Bash 函數，我可以用它代替 virtualenvwrapper。它提供了使你能夠執行以下操作的基本功能：
-p（或 --python）的自定義 Python 路徑來建立新的虛擬環境要安裝 setV，請下載該指令碼：
curl https://gitlab.com/psachin/setV/raw/master/install.sh稽核一下指令碼，然後執行它：
sh ./install.sh當安裝 setV 時，安裝指令碼會要求你引入（source）一下 ~/.bashrc 或 ~/.bash_profile 的設定，根據你的喜好選擇一個。
基本的命令格式是 setv。
setv --new rango # setv -n rango# 或使用客製化的 Python 路徑setv --new --python /opt/python/python3 rango # setv -n -p /opt/python/python3 rangosetv VIRTUAL_ENVIRONMENT_NAME# 範例setv rangosetv --list# 或setv [TAB] [TAB]setv --delete rango# 假設你現在在 'rango'，切換到 'tango'setv tango如果你不完全記得虛擬環境的名稱，則 Bash 式的製表符補全也可以適用於虛擬環境名稱。
setV 在 GNU GPLv3下開源，歡迎貢獻。要了解更多資訊，請存取它的 GitLab 儲存庫中的 setV 的 README 的貢獻部分。
#!/usr/bin/env bash# setV - A Lightweight Python virtual environment manager.# Author: Sachin (psachin) <[email protected]># Author's URL: https://psachin.gitlab.io/about## License: GNU GPL v3, See LICENSE file## Configure(Optional):# Set `SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH` value to your virtual environments# directory-path. By default it is set to '~/virtualenvs/'## Usage:# Manual install: Added below line to your .bashrc or any local rc script():# ---# source /path/to/virtual.sh# ---## Now you can 'activate' the virtual environment by typing# $ setv <YOUR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT NAME>## For example:# $ setv rango## or type:# setv [TAB] [TAB] (to list all virtual envs)## To list all your virtual environments:# $ setv --list## To create new virtual environment:# $ setv --new new_virtualenv_name## To delete existing virtual environment:# $ setv --delete existing_virtualenv_name## To deactivate, type:# $ deactivate# Path to virtual environment directorySETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH="$HOME/virtualenvs/"# Default python version to use. This decides whether to use `virtualenv` or `python3 -m venv`SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=3 # Defaults to Python3SETV_PY_PATH=$(which python${SETV_PYTHON_VERSION})function _setvcomplete_(){ # Bash-autocompletion. # This ensures Tab-auto-completions work for virtual environment names. local cmd="${1##*/}" # to handle command(s). # Not necessary as such. 'setv' is the only command local word=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]} # Words thats being completed local xpat='${word}' # Filter pattern. Include # only words in variable '$names' local names=$(ls -l "${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}" | egrep '^d' | awk -F " " '{print $NF}') # Virtual environment names COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$names" -X "$xpat" -- "$word")) # compgen generates the results}function _setv_help_() { # Echo help/usage message echo "Usage: setv [OPTIONS] [NAME]" echo Positional argument: echo -e "NAME Activate virtual env." echo Optional arguments: echo -e "-l, --list List all Virtual Envs." echo -e "-n, --new NAME Create a new Python Virtual Env." echo -e "-d, --delete NAME Delete existing Python Virtual Env." echo -e "-p, --python PATH Python binary path."}function _setv_custom_python_path(){ if [ -f "${1}" ]; then if [ "`expr $1 : '.*python\([2,3]\)'`" = "3" ]; then SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=3 else SETV_PYTHON_VERSION=2 fi SETV_PY_PATH=${1} _setv_create $2 else echo "Error: Path ${1} does not exist!" fi}function _setv_create(){ # Creates new virtual environment if ran with -n|--new flag if [ -z ${1} ]; then echo "You need to pass virtual environment name" _setv_help_ else echo "Creating new virtual environment with the name: $1" if [ ${SETV_PYTHON_VERSION} -eq 3 ]; then ${SETV_PY_PATH} -m venv ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} else virtualenv -p ${SETV_PY_PATH} ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} fi echo "You can now activate the Python virtual environment by typing: setv ${1}" fi}function _setv_delete(){ # Deletes virtual environment if ran with -d|--delete flag # TODO: Refactor if [ -z ${1} ]; then echo "You need to pass virtual environment name" _setv_help_ else if [ -d ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} ]; then read -p "Really delete this virtual environment(Y/N)? " yes_no case $yes_no in Y|y) rm -rvf ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1};; N|n) echo "Leaving the virtual environment as it is.";; *) echo "You need to enter either Y/y or N/n" esac else echo "Error: No virtual environment found by the name: ${1}" fi fi}function _setv_list(){ # Lists all virtual environments if ran with -l|--list flag echo -e "List of virtual environments you have under ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}:\n" for virt in $(ls -l "${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}" | egrep '^d' | awk -F " " '{print $NF}') do echo ${virt} done}function setv() { # Main function if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then _setv_help_ elif [ $# -le 3 ]; then case "${1}" in -n|--new) _setv_create ${2};; -d|--delete) _setv_delete ${2};; -l|--list) _setv_list;; *) if [ -d ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1} ]; then # Activate the virtual environment source ${SETV_VIRTUAL_DIR_PATH}${1}/bin/activate else # Else throw an error message echo "Sorry, you don't have any virtual environment with the name: ${1}" _setv_help_ fi ;; esac elif [ $# -le 5 ]; then case "${2}" in -p|--python) _setv_custom_python_path ${3} ${4};; *) _setv_help_;; esac fi}# Calls bash-complete. The compgen command accepts most of the same# options that complete does but it generates results rather than just# storing the rules for future use.complete -F _setvcomplete_ setv