MAUI Blazor 如何通過url使用本地檔案
2023-11-28 15:02:10
前言
上一篇文章 MAUI Blazor 顯示本地圖片的新思路 中, 提出了通過webview攔截，從而在前端中顯示本地圖片的思路。不過當時還不完善，隨後也發現了很多問題。比如，
- 不同平臺上的url不統一。這對於需要儲存圖片路徑並且多端互通的需求來說，並不友好。至少
FileSystem.AppDataDirectory和FileSystem.CacheDirectory下的檔案生成的url應該統一。 - 音訊檔和視訊檔無法使用。理論上可以用於各種檔案，但是音訊和視訊不能播放，應該是需要相應的處理
- Windows上有限制。大於9~10M的圖片不顯示
- iOS/ Mac有跨域問題。尤其是呼叫用於截圖的js庫，圖片會由於跨域不出現在截圖中
所以，在這篇文章中，對這個思路進行完善，使之成為一個可行的方案。
例如 <img src='appdata/Image/image1.jpg' > 會顯示 FileSystem.AppDataDirectory 資料夾下的 Image 資料夾下的 image1.jpg 這個圖片
<video src='cache/Video/video1.mp4' controls > 會播放 FileSystem.CacheDirectory 資料夾下的 Video 資料夾下的 video1.mp4 這個視訊
對於其他路徑的檔案來說，url設為 file/ 加上跳脫後的完整路徑
正文
準備工作
新建一個MAUI Blazor專案
參考 設定基於檔名的多目標 ，更改專案檔案（以.csproj結尾的檔案），新增以下程式碼
<!-- Android -->
<ItemGroup Condition="$(TargetFramework.StartsWith('net8.0-android')) != true">
<Compile Remove="**\**\*.Android.cs" />
<None Include="**\**\*.Android.cs" Exclude="$(DefaultItemExcludes);$(DefaultExcludesInProjectFolder)" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Both iOS and Mac Catalyst -->
<ItemGroup Condition="$(TargetFramework.StartsWith('net8.0-ios')) != true AND $(TargetFramework.StartsWith('net8.0-maccatalyst')) != true">
<Compile Remove="**\**\*.MaciOS.cs" />
<None Include="**\**\*.MaciOS.cs" Exclude="$(DefaultItemExcludes);$(DefaultExcludesInProjectFolder)" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- iOS -->
<ItemGroup Condition="$(TargetFramework.StartsWith('net8.0-ios')) != true">
<Compile Remove="**\**\*.iOS.cs" />
<None Include="**\**\*.iOS.cs" Exclude="$(DefaultItemExcludes);$(DefaultExcludesInProjectFolder)" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Mac Catalyst -->
<ItemGroup Condition="$(TargetFramework.StartsWith('net8.0-maccatalyst')) != true">
<Compile Remove="**\**\*.MacCatalyst.cs" />
<None Include="**\**\*.MacCatalyst.cs" Exclude="$(DefaultItemExcludes);$(DefaultExcludesInProjectFolder)" />
</ItemGroup>
<!-- Windows -->
<ItemGroup Condition="$(TargetFramework.Contains('-windows')) != true">
<Compile Remove="**\*.Windows.cs" />
<None Include="**\*.Windows.cs" Exclude="$(DefaultItemExcludes);$(DefaultExcludesInProjectFolder)" />
</ItemGroup>
新增一個處理ContentType的靜態類
用來獲取檔案的ContentType
沒找到什麼太好的方法，偶然看到Maui的原始碼中的一段，還不錯，不過是internal修飾的，就直接抄來了
新建Utilities/MimeType資料夾，在裡面新增 StaticContentProvider.cs
程式碼如下：
#nullable disable
// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
namespace MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile.Utilities
{
internal partial class StaticContentProvider
{
private static readonly FileExtensionContentTypeProvider ContentTypeProvider = new();
internal static string GetResponseContentTypeOrDefault(string path)
=> ContentTypeProvider.TryGetContentType(path, out var matchedContentType)
? matchedContentType
: "application/octet-stream";
internal static IDictionary<string, string> GetResponseHeaders(string contentType)
=> new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal)
{
{ "Content-Type", contentType },
{ "Cache-Control", "no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate, no-store" },
};
internal class FileExtensionContentTypeProvider
{
// Notes:
// - This table was initially copied from IIS and has many legacy entries we will maintain for backwards compatibility.
// - We only plan to add new entries where we expect them to be applicable to a majority of developers such as being
// used in the project templates.
#region Extension mapping table
/// <summary>
/// Creates a new provider with a set of default mappings.
/// </summary>
public FileExtensionContentTypeProvider()
: this(new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
{
{ ".323", "text/h323" },
{ ".3g2", "video/3gpp2" },
{ ".3gp2", "video/3gpp2" },
{ ".3gp", "video/3gpp" },
{ ".3gpp", "video/3gpp" },
{ ".aac", "audio/aac" },
{ ".aaf", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".aca", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".accdb", "application/msaccess" },
{ ".accde", "application/msaccess" },
{ ".accdt", "application/msaccess" },
{ ".acx", "application/internet-property-stream" },
{ ".adt", "audio/vnd.dlna.adts" },
{ ".adts", "audio/vnd.dlna.adts" },
{ ".afm", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".ai", "application/postscript" },
{ ".aif", "audio/x-aiff" },
{ ".aifc", "audio/aiff" },
{ ".aiff", "audio/aiff" },
{ ".appcache", "text/cache-manifest" },
{ ".application", "application/x-ms-application" },
{ ".art", "image/x-jg" },
{ ".asd", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".asf", "video/x-ms-asf" },
{ ".asi", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".asm", "text/plain" },
{ ".asr", "video/x-ms-asf" },
{ ".asx", "video/x-ms-asf" },
{ ".atom", "application/atom+xml" },
{ ".au", "audio/basic" },
{ ".avi", "video/x-msvideo" },
{ ".axs", "application/olescript" },
{ ".bas", "text/plain" },
{ ".bcpio", "application/x-bcpio" },
{ ".bin", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".bmp", "image/bmp" },
{ ".c", "text/plain" },
{ ".cab", "application/vnd.ms-cab-compressed" },
{ ".calx", "application/vnd.ms-office.calx" },
{ ".cat", "application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat" },
{ ".cdf", "application/x-cdf" },
{ ".chm", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".class", "application/x-java-applet" },
{ ".clp", "application/x-msclip" },
{ ".cmx", "image/x-cmx" },
{ ".cnf", "text/plain" },
{ ".cod", "image/cis-cod" },
{ ".cpio", "application/x-cpio" },
{ ".cpp", "text/plain" },
{ ".crd", "application/x-mscardfile" },
{ ".crl", "application/pkix-crl" },
{ ".crt", "application/x-x509-ca-cert" },
{ ".csh", "application/x-csh" },
{ ".css", "text/css" },
{ ".csv", "text/csv" }, // https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7111#section-5.1
{ ".cur", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".dcr", "application/x-director" },
{ ".deploy", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".der", "application/x-x509-ca-cert" },
{ ".dib", "image/bmp" },
{ ".dir", "application/x-director" },
{ ".disco", "text/xml" },
{ ".dlm", "text/dlm" },
{ ".doc", "application/msword" },
{ ".docm", "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document" },
{ ".dot", "application/msword" },
{ ".dotm", "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".dotx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template" },
{ ".dsp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".dtd", "text/xml" },
{ ".dvi", "application/x-dvi" },
{ ".dvr-ms", "video/x-ms-dvr" },
{ ".dwf", "drawing/x-dwf" },
{ ".dwp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".dxr", "application/x-director" },
{ ".eml", "message/rfc822" },
{ ".emz", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".eot", "application/vnd.ms-fontobject" },
{ ".eps", "application/postscript" },
{ ".etx", "text/x-setext" },
{ ".evy", "application/envoy" },
{ ".exe", "application/vnd.microsoft.portable-executable" }, // https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/vnd.microsoft.portable-executable
{ ".fdf", "application/vnd.fdf" },
{ ".fif", "application/fractals" },
{ ".fla", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".flr", "x-world/x-vrml" },
{ ".flv", "video/x-flv" },
{ ".gif", "image/gif" },
{ ".gtar", "application/x-gtar" },
{ ".gz", "application/x-gzip" },
{ ".h", "text/plain" },
{ ".hdf", "application/x-hdf" },
{ ".hdml", "text/x-hdml" },
{ ".hhc", "application/x-oleobject" },
{ ".hhk", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".hhp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".hlp", "application/winhlp" },
{ ".hqx", "application/mac-binhex40" },
{ ".hta", "application/hta" },
{ ".htc", "text/x-component" },
{ ".htm", "text/html" },
{ ".html", "text/html" },
{ ".htt", "text/webviewhtml" },
{ ".hxt", "text/html" },
{ ".ical", "text/calendar" },
{ ".icalendar", "text/calendar" },
{ ".ico", "image/x-icon" },
{ ".ics", "text/calendar" },
{ ".ief", "image/ief" },
{ ".ifb", "text/calendar" },
{ ".iii", "application/x-iphone" },
{ ".inf", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".ins", "application/x-internet-signup" },
{ ".isp", "application/x-internet-signup" },
{ ".IVF", "video/x-ivf" },
{ ".jar", "application/java-archive" },
{ ".java", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".jck", "application/liquidmotion" },
{ ".jcz", "application/liquidmotion" },
{ ".jfif", "image/pjpeg" },
{ ".jpb", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".jpe", "image/jpeg" },
{ ".jpeg", "image/jpeg" },
{ ".jpg", "image/jpeg" },
{ ".js", "application/javascript" },
{ ".json", "application/json" },
{ ".jsx", "text/jscript" },
{ ".latex", "application/x-latex" },
{ ".lit", "application/x-ms-reader" },
{ ".lpk", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".lsf", "video/x-la-asf" },
{ ".lsx", "video/x-la-asf" },
{ ".lzh", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".m13", "application/x-msmediaview" },
{ ".m14", "application/x-msmediaview" },
{ ".m1v", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".m2ts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts" },
{ ".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl" },
{ ".m4a", "audio/mp4" },
{ ".m4v", "video/mp4" },
{ ".man", "application/x-troff-man" },
{ ".manifest", "application/x-ms-manifest" },
{ ".map", "text/plain" },
{ ".markdown", "text/markdown" },
{ ".md", "text/markdown" },
{ ".mdb", "application/x-msaccess" },
{ ".mdp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".me", "application/x-troff-me" },
{ ".mht", "message/rfc822" },
{ ".mhtml", "message/rfc822" },
{ ".mid", "audio/mid" },
{ ".midi", "audio/mid" },
{ ".mix", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".mmf", "application/x-smaf" },
{ ".mno", "text/xml" },
{ ".mny", "application/x-msmoney" },
{ ".mov", "video/quicktime" },
{ ".movie", "video/x-sgi-movie" },
{ ".mp2", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".mp3", "audio/mpeg" },
{ ".mp4", "video/mp4" },
{ ".mp4v", "video/mp4" },
{ ".mpa", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".mpe", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".mpeg", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".mpg", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".mpp", "application/vnd.ms-project" },
{ ".mpv2", "video/mpeg" },
{ ".ms", "application/x-troff-ms" },
{ ".msi", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".mso", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".mvb", "application/x-msmediaview" },
{ ".mvc", "application/x-miva-compiled" },
{ ".nc", "application/x-netcdf" },
{ ".nsc", "video/x-ms-asf" },
{ ".nws", "message/rfc822" },
{ ".ocx", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".oda", "application/oda" },
{ ".odc", "text/x-ms-odc" },
{ ".ods", "application/oleobject" },
{ ".oga", "audio/ogg" },
{ ".ogg", "video/ogg" },
{ ".ogv", "video/ogg" },
{ ".ogx", "application/ogg" },
{ ".one", "application/onenote" },
{ ".onea", "application/onenote" },
{ ".onetoc", "application/onenote" },
{ ".onetoc2", "application/onenote" },
{ ".onetmp", "application/onenote" },
{ ".onepkg", "application/onenote" },
{ ".osdx", "application/opensearchdescription+xml" },
{ ".otf", "font/otf" },
{ ".p10", "application/pkcs10" },
{ ".p12", "application/x-pkcs12" },
{ ".p7b", "application/x-pkcs7-certificates" },
{ ".p7c", "application/pkcs7-mime" },
{ ".p7m", "application/pkcs7-mime" },
{ ".p7r", "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp" },
{ ".p7s", "application/pkcs7-signature" },
{ ".pbm", "image/x-portable-bitmap" },
{ ".pcx", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".pcz", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".pdf", "application/pdf" },
{ ".pfb", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".pfm", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".pfx", "application/x-pkcs12" },
{ ".pgm", "image/x-portable-graymap" },
{ ".pko", "application/vnd.ms-pki.pko" },
{ ".pma", "application/x-perfmon" },
{ ".pmc", "application/x-perfmon" },
{ ".pml", "application/x-perfmon" },
{ ".pmr", "application/x-perfmon" },
{ ".pmw", "application/x-perfmon" },
{ ".png", "image/png" },
{ ".pnm", "image/x-portable-anymap" },
{ ".pnz", "image/png" },
{ ".pot", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" },
{ ".potm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".potx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template" },
{ ".ppam", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".ppm", "image/x-portable-pixmap" },
{ ".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" },
{ ".ppsm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".ppsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow" },
{ ".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint" },
{ ".pptm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation" },
{ ".prf", "application/pics-rules" },
{ ".prm", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".prx", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".ps", "application/postscript" },
{ ".psd", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".psm", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".psp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".pub", "application/x-mspublisher" },
{ ".qt", "video/quicktime" },
{ ".qtl", "application/x-quicktimeplayer" },
{ ".qxd", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".ra", "audio/x-pn-realaudio" },
{ ".ram", "audio/x-pn-realaudio" },
{ ".rar", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".ras", "image/x-cmu-raster" },
{ ".rf", "image/vnd.rn-realflash" },
{ ".rgb", "image/x-rgb" },
{ ".rm", "application/vnd.rn-realmedia" },
{ ".rmi", "audio/mid" },
{ ".roff", "application/x-troff" },
{ ".rpm", "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin" },
{ ".rtf", "application/rtf" },
{ ".rtx", "text/richtext" },
{ ".scd", "application/x-msschedule" },
{ ".sct", "text/scriptlet" },
{ ".sea", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".setpay", "application/set-payment-initiation" },
{ ".setreg", "application/set-registration-initiation" },
{ ".sgml", "text/sgml" },
{ ".sh", "application/x-sh" },
{ ".shar", "application/x-shar" },
{ ".sit", "application/x-stuffit" },
{ ".sldm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".sldx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide" },
{ ".smd", "audio/x-smd" },
{ ".smi", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".smx", "audio/x-smd" },
{ ".smz", "audio/x-smd" },
{ ".snd", "audio/basic" },
{ ".snp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".spc", "application/x-pkcs7-certificates" },
{ ".spl", "application/futuresplash" },
{ ".spx", "audio/ogg" },
{ ".src", "application/x-wais-source" },
{ ".ssm", "application/streamingmedia" },
{ ".sst", "application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore" },
{ ".stl", "application/vnd.ms-pki.stl" },
{ ".sv4cpio", "application/x-sv4cpio" },
{ ".sv4crc", "application/x-sv4crc" },
{ ".svg", "image/svg+xml" },
{ ".svgz", "image/svg+xml" },
{ ".swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash" },
{ ".t", "application/x-troff" },
{ ".tar", "application/x-tar" },
{ ".tcl", "application/x-tcl" },
{ ".tex", "application/x-tex" },
{ ".texi", "application/x-texinfo" },
{ ".texinfo", "application/x-texinfo" },
{ ".tgz", "application/x-compressed" },
{ ".thmx", "application/vnd.ms-officetheme" },
{ ".thn", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".tif", "image/tiff" },
{ ".tiff", "image/tiff" },
{ ".toc", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".tr", "application/x-troff" },
{ ".trm", "application/x-msterminal" },
{ ".ts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts" },
{ ".tsv", "text/tab-separated-values" },
{ ".ttc", "application/x-font-ttf" },
{ ".ttf", "application/x-font-ttf" },
{ ".tts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts" },
{ ".txt", "text/plain" },
{ ".u32", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".uls", "text/iuls" },
{ ".ustar", "application/x-ustar" },
{ ".vbs", "text/vbscript" },
{ ".vcf", "text/x-vcard" },
{ ".vcs", "text/plain" },
{ ".vdx", "application/vnd.ms-visio.viewer" },
{ ".vml", "text/xml" },
{ ".vsd", "application/vnd.visio" },
{ ".vss", "application/vnd.visio" },
{ ".vst", "application/vnd.visio" },
{ ".vsto", "application/x-ms-vsto" },
{ ".vsw", "application/vnd.visio" },
{ ".vsx", "application/vnd.visio" },
{ ".vtx", "application/vnd.visio" },
{ ".wasm", "application/wasm" },
{ ".wav", "audio/wav" },
{ ".wax", "audio/x-ms-wax" },
{ ".wbmp", "image/vnd.wap.wbmp" },
{ ".wcm", "application/vnd.ms-works" },
{ ".wdb", "application/vnd.ms-works" },
{ ".webm", "video/webm" },
{ ".webmanifest", "application/manifest+json" }, // https://w3c.github.io/manifest/#media-type-registration
{ ".webp", "image/webp" },
{ ".wks", "application/vnd.ms-works" },
{ ".wm", "video/x-ms-wm" },
{ ".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma" },
{ ".wmd", "application/x-ms-wmd" },
{ ".wmf", "application/x-msmetafile" },
{ ".wml", "text/vnd.wap.wml" },
{ ".wmlc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlc" },
{ ".wmls", "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript" },
{ ".wmlsc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc" },
{ ".wmp", "video/x-ms-wmp" },
{ ".wmv", "video/x-ms-wmv" },
{ ".wmx", "video/x-ms-wmx" },
{ ".wmz", "application/x-ms-wmz" },
{ ".woff", "application/font-woff" }, // https://www.w3.org/TR/WOFF/#appendix-b
{ ".woff2", "font/woff2" }, // https://www.w3.org/TR/WOFF2/#IMT
{ ".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works" },
{ ".wri", "application/x-mswrite" },
{ ".wrl", "x-world/x-vrml" },
{ ".wrz", "x-world/x-vrml" },
{ ".wsdl", "text/xml" },
{ ".wtv", "video/x-ms-wtv" },
{ ".wvx", "video/x-ms-wvx" },
{ ".x", "application/directx" },
{ ".xaf", "x-world/x-vrml" },
{ ".xaml", "application/xaml+xml" },
{ ".xap", "application/x-silverlight-app" },
{ ".xbap", "application/x-ms-xbap" },
{ ".xbm", "image/x-xbitmap" },
{ ".xdr", "text/plain" },
{ ".xht", "application/xhtml+xml" },
{ ".xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml" },
{ ".xla", "application/vnd.ms-excel" },
{ ".xlam", "application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".xlc", "application/vnd.ms-excel" },
{ ".xlm", "application/vnd.ms-excel" },
{ ".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel" },
{ ".xlsb", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".xlsm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet" },
{ ".xlt", "application/vnd.ms-excel" },
{ ".xltm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12" },
{ ".xltx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template" },
{ ".xlw", "application/vnd.ms-excel" },
{ ".xml", "text/xml" },
{ ".xof", "x-world/x-vrml" },
{ ".xpm", "image/x-xpixmap" },
{ ".xps", "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument" },
{ ".xsd", "text/xml" },
{ ".xsf", "text/xml" },
{ ".xsl", "text/xml" },
{ ".xslt", "text/xml" },
{ ".xsn", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".xtp", "application/octet-stream" },
{ ".xwd", "image/x-xwindowdump" },
{ ".z", "application/x-compress" },
{ ".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed" },
})
{
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// Creates a lookup engine using the provided mapping.
/// It is recommended that the IDictionary instance use StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mapping"></param>
public FileExtensionContentTypeProvider(IDictionary<string, string> mapping)
{
if (mapping == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(mapping));
}
Mappings = mapping;
}
/// <summary>
/// The cross reference table of file extensions and content-types.
/// </summary>
public IDictionary<string, string> Mappings { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// Given a file path, determine the MIME type
/// </summary>
/// <param name="subpath">A file path</param>
/// <param name="contentType">The resulting MIME type</param>
/// <returns>True if MIME type could be determined</returns>
public bool TryGetContentType(string subpath, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out string contentType)
{
var extension = GetExtension(subpath);
if (extension == null)
{
contentType = null;
return false;
}
return Mappings.TryGetValue(extension, out contentType);
}
private static string GetExtension(string path)
{
// Don't use Path.GetExtension as that may throw an exception if there are
// invalid characters in the path. Invalid characters should be handled
// by the FileProviders
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
{
return null;
}
int index = path.LastIndexOf('.');
if (index < 0)
{
return null;
}
return path.Substring(index);
}
}
}
}
建立自定義的BlazorWebViewHandler類
BlazorWebViewHandler是MAUI Blazor中處理BlazorWebView相關的一個類，我們自定義一個類替換它，新增自己需要的一些處理邏輯
Maui Blazor中iOS / Mac和其他平臺的baseUrl是不統一的，iOS / Mac是 app://0.0.0.0 (原因在Maui原始碼的註釋中有寫到，iOS WKWebView doesn't allow handling 'http'/'https' schemes, so we use the fake 'app' scheme),其他平臺是 https://0.0.0.0 ，所以我們的url設為相對路徑才能統一，而且與頁面同源，不會有跨域問題(筆者之前在iOS / Mac上的做法就是註冊自定義協定，使用html2canvas截圖時，結果發生了跨域問題)。
新增MauiBlazorWebViewHandler.cs
程式碼如下
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.Maui;
namespace MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile
{
public partial class MauiBlazorWebViewHandler : BlazorWebViewHandler
{
private const string AppHostAddress = "0.0.0.0";
#if IOS || MACCATALYST
public const string BaseUri = $"app://{AppHostAddress}/";
#else
public const string BaseUri = $"https://{AppHostAddress}/";
#endif
public readonly static Dictionary<string, string> AppFilePathMap = new()
{
{ FileSystem.AppDataDirectory, "appdata" },
{ FileSystem.CacheDirectory, "cache" },
};
private static readonly string OtherFileMapPath = "file";
//把真實的檔案路徑轉化為url相對路徑
public static string FilePathToUrlRelativePath(string filePath)
{
foreach (var item in AppFilePathMap)
{
if (filePath.StartsWith(item.Key))
{
return item.Value + filePath[item.Key.Length..].Replace(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar, '/');
}
}
return OtherFileMapPath + "/" + Uri.EscapeDataString(filePath);
}
//把url相對路徑轉化為真實的檔案路徑
public static string UrlRelativePathToFilePath(string urlRelativePath)
{
UrlRelativePathToFilePath(urlRelativePath, out string path);
return path;
}
private static bool Intercept(string uri, out string path)
{
if (!uri.StartsWith(BaseUri))
{
path = string.Empty;
return false;
}
var urlRelativePath = uri[BaseUri.Length..];
return UrlRelativePathToFilePath(urlRelativePath, out path);
}
private static bool UrlRelativePathToFilePath(string urlRelativePath, out string path)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(urlRelativePath))
{
path = string.Empty;
return false;
}
urlRelativePath = Uri.UnescapeDataString(urlRelativePath);
foreach (var item in AppFilePathMap)
{
if (urlRelativePath.StartsWith(item.Value + '/'))
{
string urlRelativePathSub = urlRelativePath[(item.Value.Length + 1)..];
path = Path.Combine(item.Key, urlRelativePathSub.Replace('/', Path.DirectorySeparatorChar));
if (File.Exists(path))
{
return true;
}
}
}
if (urlRelativePath.StartsWith(OtherFileMapPath + '/'))
{
string urlRelativePathSub = urlRelativePath[(OtherFileMapPath.Length + 1)..];
path = urlRelativePathSub.Replace('/', Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);
if (File.Exists(path))
{
return true;
}
}
path = string.Empty;
return false;
}
}
}
Android
新增MauiBlazorWebViewHandler.Android.cs
程式碼如下
using Android.Webkit;
using MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile.Utilities;
using WebView = Android.Webkit.WebView;
namespace MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile
{
public partial class MauiBlazorWebViewHandler
{
#pragma warning disable CA1416 // 驗證平臺相容性
protected override void ConnectHandler(WebView platformView)
{
base.ConnectHandler(platformView);
platformView.SetWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient(platformView.WebViewClient));
}
#nullable disable
private class MyWebViewClient : WebViewClient
{
private WebViewClient WebViewClient { get; }
public MyWebViewClient(WebViewClient webViewClient)
{
WebViewClient = webViewClient;
}
public override bool ShouldOverrideUrlLoading(Android.Webkit.WebView view, IWebResourceRequest request)
{
return WebViewClient.ShouldOverrideUrlLoading(view, request);
}
public override WebResourceResponse ShouldInterceptRequest(Android.Webkit.WebView view, IWebResourceRequest request)
{
var intercept = InterceptCustomPathRequest(request, out WebResourceResponse webResourceResponse);
if (intercept)
{
return webResourceResponse;
}
return WebViewClient.ShouldInterceptRequest(view, request);
}
public override void OnPageFinished(Android.Webkit.WebView view, string url)
=> WebViewClient.OnPageFinished(view, url);
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (!disposing)
return;
WebViewClient.Dispose();
}
private static bool InterceptCustomPathRequest(IWebResourceRequest request, out WebResourceResponse webResourceResponse)
{
webResourceResponse = null;
var uri = request.Url.ToString();
if (!Intercept(uri, out string path))
{
return false;
}
if (!File.Exists(path))
{
return false;
}
webResourceResponse = CreateWebResourceResponse(request, path);
return true;
}
private static WebResourceResponse CreateWebResourceResponse(IWebResourceRequest request, string path)
{
string contentType = StaticContentProvider.GetResponseContentTypeOrDefault(path);
var headers = StaticContentProvider.GetResponseHeaders(contentType);
FileStream stream = File.OpenRead(path);
var length = stream.Length;
long rangeStart = 0;
long rangeEnd = length - 1;
string encoding = "UTF-8";
int stateCode = 200;
string reasonPhrase = "OK";
//適用於音訊視訊檔資源的響應
bool partial = request.RequestHeaders.TryGetValue("Range", out string rangeString);
if (partial)
{
//206,可斷點續傳
stateCode = 206;
reasonPhrase = "Partial Content";
var ranges = rangeString.Split('=');
if (ranges.Length > 1 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(ranges[1]))
{
string[] rangeDatas = ranges[1].Split("-");
rangeStart = Convert.ToInt64(rangeDatas[0]);
if (rangeDatas.Length > 1 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(rangeDatas[1]))
{
rangeEnd = Convert.ToInt64(rangeDatas[1]);
}
}
headers.Add("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
headers.Add("Content-Range", $"bytes {rangeStart}-{rangeEnd}/{length}");
}
//這一行刪去似乎也不影響
headers.Add("Content-Length", (rangeEnd - rangeStart + 1).ToString());
var response = new WebResourceResponse(contentType, encoding, stateCode, reasonPhrase, headers, stream);
return response;
}
}
}
}
iOS / Mac
iOS / Mac中我們要替換Maui對於app://自定義協定的註冊，但是很多類、方法、屬性、欄位是不公開的，也就是internal和private，所以我們的程式碼用了很多反射。
新增 MauiBlazorWebViewHandler.MaciOS.cs
程式碼如下
using Foundation;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.Maui;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile.Utilities;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Versioning;
using UIKit;
using WebKit;
using RectangleF = CoreGraphics.CGRect;
namespace MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile
{
#nullable disable
public partial class MauiBlazorWebViewHandler
{
private BlazorWebViewHandlerReflection _base;
private BlazorWebViewHandlerReflection Base => _base ??= new(this);
[SupportedOSPlatform("ios11.0")]
protected override WKWebView CreatePlatformView()
{
Base.LoggerCreatingWebKitWKWebView();
var config = new WKWebViewConfiguration();
// By default, setting inline media playback to allowed, including autoplay
// and picture in picture, since these things MUST be set during the webview
// creation, and have no effect if set afterwards.
// A custom handler factory delegate could be set to disable these defaults
// but if we do not set them here, they cannot be changed once the
// handler's platform view is created, so erring on the side of wanting this
// capability by default.
if (OperatingSystem.IsMacCatalystVersionAtLeast(10) || OperatingSystem.IsIOSVersionAtLeast(10))
{
config.AllowsPictureInPictureMediaPlayback = true;
config.AllowsInlineMediaPlayback = true;
config.MediaTypesRequiringUserActionForPlayback = WKAudiovisualMediaTypes.None;
}
VirtualView.BlazorWebViewInitializing(new BlazorWebViewInitializingEventArgs()
{
Configuration = config
});
// Legacy Developer Extras setting.
config.Preferences.SetValueForKey(NSObject.FromObject(Base.DeveloperToolsEnabled), new NSString("developerExtrasEnabled"));
config.UserContentController.AddScriptMessageHandler(Base.CreateWebViewScriptMessageHandler(), "webwindowinterop");
config.UserContentController.AddUserScript(new WKUserScript(
new NSString(Base.BlazorInitScript), WKUserScriptInjectionTime.AtDocumentEnd, true));
// iOS WKWebView doesn't allow handling 'http'/'https' schemes, so we use the fake 'app' scheme
config.SetUrlSchemeHandler(new SchemeHandler(this), urlScheme: "app");
var webview = new WKWebView(RectangleF.Empty, config)
{
BackgroundColor = UIColor.Clear,
AutosizesSubviews = true
};
if (OperatingSystem.IsIOSVersionAtLeast(16, 4) || OperatingSystem.IsMacCatalystVersionAtLeast(13, 3))
{
// Enable Developer Extras for Catalyst/iOS builds for 16.4+
webview.SetValueForKey(NSObject.FromObject(Base.DeveloperToolsEnabled), new NSString("inspectable"));
}
VirtualView.BlazorWebViewInitialized(Base.CreateBlazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs(webview));
Base.LoggerCreatedWebKitWKWebView();
return webview;
}
private class SchemeHandler : NSObject, IWKUrlSchemeHandler
{
private readonly MauiBlazorWebViewHandler _webViewHandler;
public SchemeHandler(MauiBlazorWebViewHandler webViewHandler)
{
_webViewHandler = webViewHandler;
}
[Export("webView:startURLSchemeTask:")]
[SupportedOSPlatform("ios11.0")]
public void StartUrlSchemeTask(WKWebView webView, IWKUrlSchemeTask urlSchemeTask)
{
var intercept = InterceptCustomPathRequest(urlSchemeTask);
if (intercept)
{
return;
}
var responseBytes = GetResponseBytes(urlSchemeTask.Request.Url?.AbsoluteString ?? "", out var contentType, statusCode: out var statusCode);
if (statusCode == 200)
{
using (var dic = new NSMutableDictionary<NSString, NSString>())
{
dic.Add((NSString)"Content-Length", (NSString)(responseBytes.Length.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)));
dic.Add((NSString)"Content-Type", (NSString)contentType);
// Disable local caching. This will prevent user scripts from executing correctly.
dic.Add((NSString)"Cache-Control", (NSString)"no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate, no-store");
if (urlSchemeTask.Request.Url != null)
{
using var response = new NSHttpUrlResponse(urlSchemeTask.Request.Url, statusCode, "HTTP/1.1", dic);
urlSchemeTask.DidReceiveResponse(response);
}
}
urlSchemeTask.DidReceiveData(NSData.FromArray(responseBytes));
urlSchemeTask.DidFinish();
}
}
private byte[] GetResponseBytes(string? url, out string contentType, out int statusCode)
{
var allowFallbackOnHostPage = _webViewHandler.Base.IsBaseOfPage(_webViewHandler.Base.AppOriginUri, url);
url = _webViewHandler.Base.QueryStringHelperRemovePossibleQueryString(url);
_webViewHandler.Base.LoggerHandlingWebRequest(url);
if (_webViewHandler.Base.TryGetResponseContentInternal(url, allowFallbackOnHostPage, out statusCode, out var statusMessage, out var content, out var headers))
{
statusCode = 200;
using var ms = new MemoryStream();
content.CopyTo(ms);
content.Dispose();
contentType = headers["Content-Type"];
_webViewHandler?.Base.LoggerResponseContentBeingSent(url, statusCode);
return ms.ToArray();
}
else
{
_webViewHandler?.Base.LoggerReponseContentNotFound(url);
statusCode = 404;
contentType = string.Empty;
return Array.Empty<byte>();
}
}
[Export("webView:stopURLSchemeTask:")]
public void StopUrlSchemeTask(WKWebView webView, IWKUrlSchemeTask urlSchemeTask)
{
}
private static bool InterceptCustomPathRequest(IWKUrlSchemeTask urlSchemeTask)
{
var uri = urlSchemeTask.Request.Url.ToString();
if (uri == null)
{
return false;
}
if (!Intercept(uri, out string path))
{
return false;
}
if (!File.Exists(path))
{
return false;
}
long length = new FileInfo(path).Length;
string contentType = StaticContentProvider.GetResponseContentTypeOrDefault(path);
using (var dic = new NSMutableDictionary<NSString, NSString>())
{
dic.Add((NSString)"Content-Length", (NSString)(length.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)));
dic.Add((NSString)"Content-Type", (NSString)contentType);
// Disable local caching. This will prevent user scripts from executing correctly.
dic.Add((NSString)"Cache-Control", (NSString)"no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate, no-store");
using var response = new NSHttpUrlResponse(urlSchemeTask.Request.Url, 200, "HTTP/1.1", dic);
urlSchemeTask.DidReceiveResponse(response);
}
urlSchemeTask.DidReceiveData(NSData.FromFile(path));
urlSchemeTask.DidFinish();
return true;
}
}
}
public class BlazorWebViewHandlerReflection
{
public BlazorWebViewHandlerReflection(BlazorWebViewHandler blazorWebViewHandler)
{
_blazorWebViewHandler = blazorWebViewHandler;
_logger = new(() =>
{
var property = Type.GetProperty("Logger", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
return (ILogger)property?.GetValue(_blazorWebViewHandler);
});
_blazorInitScript = new(() =>
{
var property = Type.GetField("BlazorInitScript", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Static);
return (string)property?.GetValue(_blazorWebViewHandler);
});
_appOriginUri = new(() =>
{
var property = Type.GetField("AppOriginUri", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Static);
return (Uri)property?.GetValue(_blazorWebViewHandler);
});
}
private readonly BlazorWebViewHandler _blazorWebViewHandler;
private static readonly Type Type = typeof(BlazorWebViewHandler);
private static readonly Assembly Assembly = Type.Assembly;
private static readonly Type TypeLog = Assembly.GetType("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.Log")!;
private readonly Lazy<ILogger> _logger;
private readonly Lazy<string> _blazorInitScript;
private readonly Lazy<Uri> _appOriginUri;
private object WebviewManager;
private MethodInfo MethodTryGetResponseContentInternal;
private MethodInfo MethodIsBaseOfPage;
private MethodInfo MethodQueryStringHelperRemovePossibleQueryString;
public ILogger Logger => _logger.Value;
public string BlazorInitScript => _blazorInitScript.Value;
public Uri AppOriginUri => _appOriginUri.Value;
public bool DeveloperToolsEnabled => GetDeveloperToolsEnabled();
public void LoggerCreatingWebKitWKWebView()
{
var method = TypeLog.GetMethod("CreatingWebKitWKWebView");
method?.Invoke(null, new object[] { Logger });
}
public void LoggerCreatedWebKitWKWebView()
{
var method = TypeLog.GetMethod("CreatedWebKitWKWebView");
method?.Invoke(null, new object[] { Logger });
}
public void LoggerHandlingWebRequest(string url)
{
var method = TypeLog.GetMethod("HandlingWebRequest");
method?.Invoke(null, new object[] { Logger, url });
}
public void LoggerResponseContentBeingSent(string url, int statusCode)
{
var method = TypeLog.GetMethod("ResponseContentBeingSent");
method?.Invoke(null, new object[] { Logger, url, statusCode });
}
public void LoggerReponseContentNotFound(string url)
{
var method = TypeLog.GetMethod("ReponseContentNotFound");
method?.Invoke(null, new object[] { Logger, url });
}
private bool GetDeveloperToolsEnabled()
{
var PropertyDeveloperTools = Type.GetProperty("DeveloperTools", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
var DeveloperTools = PropertyDeveloperTools.GetValue(_blazorWebViewHandler);
var type = DeveloperTools.GetType();
var Enabled = type.GetProperty("Enabled", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
return (bool)Enabled?.GetValue(DeveloperTools);
}
public IWKScriptMessageHandler CreateWebViewScriptMessageHandler()
{
Type webViewScriptMessageHandlerType = Type.GetNestedType("WebViewScriptMessageHandler", BindingFlags.NonPublic);
if (webViewScriptMessageHandlerType != null)
{
// 獲取 MessageReceived 方法資訊
MethodInfo messageReceivedMethod = Type.GetMethod("MessageReceived", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
if (messageReceivedMethod != null)
{
// 建立 WebViewScriptMessageHandler 範例
object webViewScriptMessageHandlerInstance = Activator.CreateInstance(webViewScriptMessageHandlerType, new object[] { Delegate.CreateDelegate(typeof(Action<Uri, string>), _blazorWebViewHandler, messageReceivedMethod) });
return (IWKScriptMessageHandler)webViewScriptMessageHandlerInstance;
}
}
return null;
}
public BlazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs CreateBlazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs(WKWebView wKWebView)
{
var blazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs = new BlazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs();
PropertyInfo property = typeof(BlazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs).GetProperty("WebView", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
property.SetValue(blazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs, wKWebView);
return blazorWebViewInitializedEventArgs;
}
public bool TryGetResponseContentInternal(string uri, bool allowFallbackOnHostPage, out int statusCode, out string statusMessage, out Stream content, out IDictionary<string, string> headers)
{
if (MethodTryGetResponseContentInternal == null)
{
var Field_webviewManager = Type.GetField("_webviewManager", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
WebviewManager = Field_webviewManager.GetValue(_blazorWebViewHandler);
MethodTryGetResponseContentInternal = WebviewManager.GetType().GetMethod("TryGetResponseContentInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
}
// 定義引數
object[] parameters = new object[] { uri, allowFallbackOnHostPage, 0, null, null, null };
bool result = (bool)MethodTryGetResponseContentInternal.Invoke(WebviewManager, parameters);
// 獲取返回值和輸出引數
statusCode = (int)parameters[2];
statusMessage = (string)parameters[3];
content = (Stream)parameters[4];
headers = (IDictionary<string, string>)parameters[5];
return result;
}
public bool IsBaseOfPage(Uri baseUri, string? uriString)
{
if (MethodIsBaseOfPage == null)
{
var type = Assembly.GetType("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.Maui.UriExtensions")!;
MethodIsBaseOfPage = type.GetMethod("IsBaseOfPage", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Static);
}
return (bool)MethodIsBaseOfPage.Invoke(null, new object[] { baseUri, uriString });
}
public string QueryStringHelperRemovePossibleQueryString(string? url)
{
if (MethodQueryStringHelperRemovePossibleQueryString == null)
{
var type = Assembly.GetType("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.QueryStringHelper")!;
MethodQueryStringHelperRemovePossibleQueryString = type.GetMethod("RemovePossibleQueryString", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Instance);
}
return (string)MethodQueryStringHelperRemovePossibleQueryString.Invoke(null, new object[] { url });
}
}
}
Windows
新增MauiBlazorWebViewHandler.Windows.cs
程式碼如下
using MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile.Utilities;
using Microsoft.Web.WebView2.Core;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using WebView2Control = Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls.WebView2;
namespace MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile
{
public partial class MauiBlazorWebViewHandler
{
protected override void ConnectHandler(WebView2Control platformView)
{
base.ConnectHandler(platformView);
platformView.CoreWebView2Initialized += CoreWebView2Initialized;
}
protected override void DisconnectHandler(WebView2Control platformView)
{
platformView.CoreWebView2Initialized -= CoreWebView2Initialized;
base.DisconnectHandler(platformView);
}
private void CoreWebView2Initialized(WebView2Control sender, Microsoft.UI.Xaml.Controls.CoreWebView2InitializedEventArgs args)
{
var webview2 = sender.CoreWebView2;
webview2.WebResourceRequested += WebView2WebResourceRequested;
}
async void WebView2WebResourceRequested(CoreWebView2 webview2, CoreWebView2WebResourceRequestedEventArgs args)
{
await InterceptCustomPathRequest(webview2, args);
}
static async Task<bool> InterceptCustomPathRequest(CoreWebView2 webview2, CoreWebView2WebResourceRequestedEventArgs args)
{
string uri = args.Request.Uri;
if (!Intercept(uri, out string filePath))
{
return false;
}
if (File.Exists(filePath))
{
args.Response = await CreateWebResourceResponse(webview2, args, filePath);
}
else
{
args.Response = webview2.Environment.CreateWebResourceResponse(null, 404, "Not Found", string.Empty);
}
return true;
static string GetHeaderString(IDictionary<string, string> headers) =>
string.Join(Environment.NewLine, headers.Select(kvp => $"{kvp.Key}: {kvp.Value}"));
static async Task<CoreWebView2WebResourceResponse> CreateWebResourceResponse(CoreWebView2 webview2, CoreWebView2WebResourceRequestedEventArgs args, string filePath)
{
var contentType = StaticContentProvider.GetResponseContentTypeOrDefault(filePath);
var headers = StaticContentProvider.GetResponseHeaders(contentType);
using var contentStream = File.OpenRead(filePath);
var length = contentStream.Length;
long rangeStart = 0;
long rangeEnd = length - 1;
int statusCode = 200;
string reasonPhrase = "OK";
//適用於音訊視訊檔資源的響應
bool partial = args.Request.Headers.Contains("Range");
if (partial)
{
statusCode = 206;
reasonPhrase = "Partial Content";
var rangeString = args.Request.Headers.GetHeader("Range");
var ranges = rangeString.Split('=');
if (ranges.Length > 1 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(ranges[1]))
{
string[] rangeDatas = ranges[1].Split("-");
rangeStart = Convert.ToInt64(rangeDatas[0]);
if (rangeDatas.Length > 1 && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(rangeDatas[1]))
{
rangeEnd = Convert.ToInt64(rangeDatas[1]);
}
else
{
//每次載入4Mb，不能設定太多
rangeEnd = Math.Min(rangeEnd, rangeStart + 4 * 1024 * 1024);
}
}
headers.Add("Accept-Ranges", "bytes");
headers.Add("Content-Range", $"bytes {rangeStart}-{rangeEnd}/{length}");
}
headers.Add("Content-Length", (rangeEnd - rangeStart + 1).ToString());
var headerString = GetHeaderString(headers);
IRandomAccessStream stream = await ReadStreamRange(contentStream, rangeStart, rangeEnd);
return webview2.Environment.CreateWebResourceResponse(stream, statusCode, reasonPhrase, headerString);
}
static async Task<IRandomAccessStream> ReadStreamRange(Stream contentStream, long start, long end)
{
long length = end - start + 1;
contentStream.Position = start;
using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
StreamCopy(contentStream, memoryStream, length);
// 將記憶體流的位置重置為起始位置
memoryStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
var randomAccessStream = new InMemoryRandomAccessStream();
await randomAccessStream.WriteAsync(memoryStream.GetWindowsRuntimeBuffer());
return randomAccessStream;
}
// 輔助方法，用於限制StreamCopy複製的資料長度
static void StreamCopy(Stream source, Stream destination, long length)
{
//緩衝區設為1Mb,應該是夠了
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
int bytesRead;
while (length > 0 && (bytesRead = source.Read(buffer, 0, (int)Math.Min(buffer.Length, length))) > 0)
{
destination.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
length -= bytesRead;
}
}
}
}
}
在MauiProgram.cs中新增
新增在builder.Services.AddMauiBlazorWebView();的下面
builder.Services.ConfigureMauiHandlers(delegate (IMauiHandlersCollection handlers)
{
handlers.AddHandler<IBlazorWebView>((IServiceProvider _) => new MauiBlazorWebViewHandler());
});
試驗一下
新增一個複製檔案的靜態類
簡單寫一個方法，用於把選中的檔案複製到指定目錄，並且返回所需要的url相對路徑
為了防止檔案被重複複製，我們以md5作為檔名
新增資料夾Utilities/File，在裡面新增一個靜態類MediaResourceFile.cs
程式碼如下
using System.Security.Cryptography;
namespace MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile.Utilities
{
public static class MediaResourceFile
{
public static async Task<string?> CreateMediaResourceFileAsync(string targetDirectoryPath, string? sourceFilePath)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceFilePath))
{
return null;
}
using Stream stream = File.OpenRead(sourceFilePath);
//新的檔案以檔案的md5為檔名，確保檔案不會重複存在
//獲取檔案的md5有一點耗時，暫時沒想到更好的方案
var fn = stream.CreateMD5() + Path.GetExtension(sourceFilePath);
var targetFilePath = Path.Combine(targetDirectoryPath, fn);
//如果檔案存在就不用複製了
if (!File.Exists(targetFilePath))
{
if (sourceFilePath.StartsWith(FileSystem.CacheDirectory))
{
stream.Close();
await FileMoveAsync(sourceFilePath, targetFilePath);
}
else
{
//將流的位置重置為起始位置
stream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
await FileCopyAsync(targetFilePath, stream);
}
}
return MauiBlazorWebViewHandler.FilePathToUrlRelativePath(targetFilePath);
}
private static async Task FileCopyAsync(string targetFilePath, Stream sourceStream)
{
CreateFileDirectory(targetFilePath);
using (FileStream localFileStream = File.OpenWrite(targetFilePath))
{
await sourceStream.CopyToAsync(localFileStream, 1024 * 1024);
};
}
private static Task FileMoveAsync(string sourceFilePath, string targetFilePath)
{
CreateFileDirectory(targetFilePath);
File.Move(sourceFilePath, targetFilePath);
return Task.CompletedTask;
}
private static void CreateFileDirectory(string filePath)
{
string? directoryPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath);
if (!Directory.Exists(directoryPath))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(directoryPath!);
}
}
private static string CreateMD5(this Stream stream, int bufferSize = 1024 * 1024)
{
using MD5 md5 = MD5.Create();
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
{
md5.TransformBlock(buffer, 0, bytesRead, buffer, 0);
}
md5.TransformFinalBlock(buffer, 0, 0);
byte[] hash = md5.Hash ?? [];
return BitConverter.ToString(hash).Replace("-", "").ToLower();
}
}
}
寫一個選中視訊檔並顯示的範例頁面
@page "/video"
@using MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile.Utilities
<h1>Video</h1>
<video src="@Src" controls style="max-width:100%;"></video>
<div style="word-break: break-all;">Src="@Src"</div>
<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="()=>Pick(true)">選中並複製到AppDataDirectory</button>
<button class="btn btn-primary" @onclick="()=>Pick(false)">選中不復制(僅限Windows)</button>
@code {
private string? Src;
private async void Pick(bool copy)
{
#if !WINDOWS
if (!copy)
{
return;
}
#endif
var result = await MediaPicker.Default.PickVideoAsync();
var path = result?.FullPath;
if (path is null)
{
return;
}
if (copy)
{
var targetDirectoryPath = Path.Combine(FileSystem.AppDataDirectory, "Video");
Src = await MediaResourceFile.CreateMediaResourceFileAsync(targetDirectoryPath, path);
}
else
{
Src = MauiBlazorWebViewHandler.FilePathToUrlRelativePath(path);
}
await InvokeAsync(StateHasChanged);
}
}
截圖
用筆者比較喜歡的動畫電影《魁拔》作為視訊檔，大約500MB多一些
Windows
Android
iOS / Mac選中視訊會被壓縮，特別慢，所以就用一個短的視訊了
iOS
Mac
後來補的一張音訊的截圖，用的原始路徑
後記
這篇文章改了又改，總覺得有不妥之處。實在改不動了，就這麼地吧，可能寫的還是不夠詳細。
筆者水平有限，效能上可能還存在優化的空間，希望各位大佬不吝賜教，提出寶貴意見
原始碼
本文中的例子的原始碼放到 Github 和 Gitee 了
有需要的可以去看一下
Github： https://github.com/Yu-Core/MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile
Gitee： https://gitee.com/Yu-core/MauiBlazorLocalMediaFile