commit 打包映象
docker commit 容器id 新映象名稱:標籤
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -it centos:latest
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.myhuaweicloud.com/repo/CentOS-Base-7.repo
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# yum install -y net-tools vim-enhanced tree bash-completion iproute psmisc && yum clean all
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# exit
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker commit 02fd1719c038 myos:latest
Dockerfile打包映象
Dockerfile語法
語法指令 | 語法說明 |
---|---|
FROM | 基礎映象 |
RUN | 製作映象時執行的命令,可以有多個 |
ADD | 複製檔案到映象,自動解壓 |
COPY | 複製檔案到映象,不解壓 |
EXPOSE | 宣告開放的埠 |
ENV | 設定容器啟動後的環境變數 |
WORKDIR | 定義容器預設工作目錄(等於cd) |
CMD | 容器啟動時執行的命令,僅可以有一條CMD |
使用Dockerfile建立映象
docker build -t 映象名稱:標籤 Dockerfile所在目錄
製作apache映象
CMD 指令可以檢視 service 檔案的啟動命令 ExecStart(/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service)
ENV 環境變數查詢服務檔案中的環境變陣列態檔 EnvironmentFile 指定的檔案內容
[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir web; cd web
[root@node-0001 web]# vim Dockerfile
FROM myos:latest
RUN yum install -y httpd php
ENV LANG=C
ADD webhome.tar.gz /var/www/html/
WORKDIR /var/www/html/
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd", "-DFOREGROUND"]
# 拷貝 webhome.tar.gz 到當前目錄中
[root@node-0001 web]# docker build -t myos:httpd .
檢視與驗證映象
[root@node-0001 web]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
myos httpd db15034569da 12 seconds ago 412MB
myos latest 867409e412c8 2 hours ago 281MB
[root@node-0001 web]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
[root@node-0001 web]# docker run -itd myos:httpd
[root@node-0001 web]# curl http://172.17.0.2/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
[REMOTE_ADDR] => 172.17.0.1
[REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
[HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
[REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: 6c9e124bee1a
1229
製作php-fpm映象
[root@node-0001 ~]# yum install -y php-fpm
[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir php; cd php
[root@node-0001 php]# cp /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf ./
12: listen = 0.0.0.0:9000
24: ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
[root@node-0001 php]# vim Dockerfile
FROM myos:latest
RUN yum install -y php-fpm
COPY www.conf /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
EXPOSE 9000
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx/html
COPY info.php info.php
CMD ["/usr/sbin/php-fpm", "--nodaemonize"]
[root@node-0001 php]# docker build -t myos:php-fpm .
製作nginx映象
[root@node-0001 ~]# yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel openssl-devel
[root@node-0001 ~]# useradd nginx
[root@node-0001 ~]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@node-0001 ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@node-0001 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module
[root@node-0001 nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
[root@node-0001 nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/
[root@node-0001 local]# tar czf nginx.tar.gz nginx
[root@node-0001 local]# mkdir /root/nginx ;cd /root/nginx
[root@node-0001 nginx]# cp /usr/local/nginx.tar.gz ./
[root@node-0001 nginx]# vim Dockerfile
FROM myos:latest
RUN yum install -y pcre openssl && useradd nginx
ADD nginx.tar.gz /usr/local/
EXPOSE 80
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx/html
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
[root@node-0001 nginx]# docker build -t myos:nginx .
釋出容器服務
對外發布服務
給他 node-0001 繫結一個公網IP
docker run -itd -p 宿主機埠:容器埠 映象名稱:標籤
# 把 node-0001 變成 apache 服務
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 myos:httpd
# 把 node-0001 變成 nginx 服務,首先必須停止 apache
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker stop $(docker ps -q)
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 myos:nginx
驗證方式: 通過瀏覽器存取即可
容器共用卷
docker run -itd -v 宿主機物件:容器內物件 映象名稱:標籤
使用共用捲動態修改容器內組態檔
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd --name myphp myos:php-fpm
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker inspect myphp
[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir /var/webconf
[root@node-0001 ~]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /var/webconf/
[root@node-0001 ~]# vim /var/webconf/nginx.conf
... ...
fastcgi_pass 172.17.0.xx:9000;
... ...
# 對映組態檔,並啟動容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 \
-v /var/webconf/nginx.conf:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf myos:nginx
驗證方式: 通過瀏覽器存取即可
容器間網路通訊
實驗架構圖例
graph LR
subgraph node-0001
style node-0001 color:#00ff00,fill:#7777ff
subgraph 容器1
style 容器1 color:#00ff00,fill:#88aaff
APP1(Nginx)
NET1{{共用網路}}
end
subgraph 容器2
style 容器2 color:#00ff00,fill:#88aaff
APP2(PHP)
end
APP1 --> NET1
APP2 --> NET1
L((共用儲存卷))
APP1 -.-> L
APP2 -.-> L
end
U((使用者)) --> APP1
實驗步驟
[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir -p /var/{webroot,webconf}
[root@node-0001 ~]# cd kubernetes/docker-images
[root@node-0001 ~]# cp info.php info.html /var/webroot/
[root@node-0001 ~]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /var/webconf/
[root@node-0001 ~]# vim /var/webconf/nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
# 啟動前端 nginx 服務,並對映共用目錄和組態檔
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd --name nginx -p 80:80 \
-v /var/webconf/nginx.conf:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
-v /var/webroot:/usr/local/nginx/html myos:nginx
# 啟動後端 php 服務,並對映共用目錄
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd --network=container:nginx \
-v /var/webroot:/usr/local/nginx/html myos:php-fpm
# 驗證服務
[root@node-0001 ~]# curl http://node-0001/info.html
<html>
<marquee behavior="alternate">
<font size="12px" color=#00ff00>Hello World</font>
</marquee>
</html>
[root@node-0001 ~]# curl http://node-0001/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
[REMOTE_ADDR] => 172.17.0.1
[REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
[HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
[REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: f705f89b45f9
1229
docker私有倉庫
docker私有倉庫圖例
graph TB
H1(容器伺服器<br>node-0001)
H2(容器伺服器<br>node-0002)
I{{映象倉庫}}
style I fill:#77ff77
H1 --> I
H2 --> I
私有倉庫設定
主機名 | ip地址 | 最低設定 |
---|---|---|
registry | 192.168.1.100 | 1CPU,1G記憶體 |
[root@registry ~]# yum install -y docker-distribution
[root@registry ~]# systemctl enable --now docker-distribution
[root@registry ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}
docker使用者端設定
所有node節點都需要設定,這裡 node-0001,node-0002都要設定
native.cgroupdriver cgroup驅動,docker預設 cgroupfs
registry-mirrors 預設下載倉庫,使用國內源能快一點
insecure-registries 私有倉庫地址(重點)
[root@node-0001 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"registry-mirrors": ["https://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
"insecure-registries":["192.168.1.100:5000", "registry:5000"]
}
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
[root@node-0001 ~]# systemctl restart docker
上傳映象
# 上傳 myos:latest, myos:httpd, myos:nginx, myos:php-fpm
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker tag myos:latest 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker push 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
驗證測試
curl http://倉庫IP:5000/v2/_catalog
curl http://倉庫IP:5000/v2/映象名稱/tags/list
[root@node-0002 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["myos"]}
[root@node-0002 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/myos/tags/list
{"name":"myos","tags":["latest"]}
# 使用遠端映象啟動容器
[root@node-0002 ~]# docker run -it 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
Unable to find image '192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from myos
7dc0dca2b151: Pull complete
95c297b4d705: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d61ffc053895e2dc16f63b8a2988dfe5f34207b48b1e74d397bb3267650ba4ce
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
[root@674ebe359e44 /]#