在本教學中,您將學習如何編寫/開發返回多個值的儲存過程。
MySQL儲存函式只返回一個值。要開發返回多個值的儲存過程,需要使用帶有INOUT
或OUT
引數的儲存過程。
如果您不熟悉INPUT
或OUT
引數的用法,請檢視儲存過程引數教學的詳細資訊。
我們來看看範例資料庫(yiibaidb)中的orders
表。
mysql> desc orders;
+----------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| orderNumber | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| orderDate | date | NO | | NULL | |
| requiredDate | date | NO | | NULL | |
| shippedDate | date | YES | | NULL | |
| status | varchar(15) | NO | | NULL | |
| comments | text | YES | | NULL | |
| customerNumber | int(11) | NO | MUL | NULL | |
+----------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
7 rows in set
以下儲存過程接受客戶編號,並返回發貨(shipped),取消(canceled),解決(resolved)和爭議(disputed)的訂單總數。
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE get_order_by_cust(
IN cust_no INT,
OUT shipped INT,
OUT canceled INT,
OUT resolved INT,
OUT disputed INT)
BEGIN
-- shipped
SELECT
count(*) INTO shipped
FROM
orders
WHERE
customerNumber = cust_no
AND status = 'Shipped';
-- canceled
SELECT
count(*) INTO canceled
FROM
orders
WHERE
customerNumber = cust_no
AND status = 'Canceled';
-- resolved
SELECT
count(*) INTO resolved
FROM
orders
WHERE
customerNumber = cust_no
AND status = 'Resolved';
-- disputed
SELECT
count(*) INTO disputed
FROM
orders
WHERE
customerNumber = cust_no
AND status = 'Disputed';
END
除IN
引數之外,儲存過程還需要4
個額外的OUT
引數:shipped
, canceled
, resolved
和 disputed
。 在儲存過程中,使用帶有COUNT函式的SELECT語句根據訂單狀態獲取相應的訂單總數,並將其分配給相應的引數。
要使用get_order_by_cust
儲存過程,可以傳遞客戶編號和四個使用者定義的變數來獲取輸出值。
執行儲存過程後,使用SELECT
語句輸出變數值。
+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| @shipped | @canceled | @resolved | @disputed |
+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| 22 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
+----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
1 row in set
以下程式碼片段顯示如何從PHP程式中呼叫返回多個值的儲存過程。
<?php
/**
* Call stored procedure that return multiple values
* @param $customerNumber
*/
function call_sp($customerNumber)
{
try {
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=yiibaidb", 'root', '123456');
// execute the stored procedure
$sql = 'CALL get_order_by_cust(:no,@shipped,@canceled,@resolved,@disputed)';
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$stmt->bindParam(':no', $customerNumber, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$stmt->closeCursor();
// execute the second query to get values from OUT parameter
$r = $pdo->query("SELECT @shipped,@canceled,@resolved,@disputed")
->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
if ($r) {
printf('Shipped: %d, Canceled: %d, Resolved: %d, Disputed: %d',
$r['@shipped'],
$r['@canceled'],
$r['@resolved'],
$r['@disputed']);
}
} catch (PDOException $pe) {
die("Error occurred:" . $pe->getMessage());
}
}
call_sp(141);
在@
符號之前的使用者定義的變數與資料庫連線相關聯,因此它們可用於在呼叫之間進行存取。
在本教學中,我們向您展示了如何編寫/開發返回多個值的儲存過程以及如何從PHP
呼叫它。