SQLite語法大全

語法是一組獨特的規則和約定。 以下是SQLite的語法列表。

區分大小寫：

• SQLite不區分大小寫。但是，有一些區分大小寫的命令。例如：GLOB和glob在SQLite語句中有不同的含義。

注釋：

• 注釋用於在SQLite程式碼中增加程式碼的可讀性。
• 注釋不能巢狀。
• 注釋以兩個連續的「 - 」字元。
• 也可使用「/*」字元開始，並延伸至下一個「*/」字元對所包括的內容視為註釋。

SQLite語句

所有的SQLite語句都是以關鍵字(如：SELECT，INSERT，UPDATE，DELETE，ALTER，DROP等)開始的。所有語句都以分號(;)結尾。

SQLite ANALYZE語句的語法：

ANALYZE;  
-- or  
ANALYZE database_name;  
-- or  
ANALYZE database_name.table_name;

SQLite AND/OR子句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION-1 {AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQLite ALTER TABLE語句的語法

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;

SQLite ALTER TABLE語句(Rename)語句的語法

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE語句的語法：

ATTACH DATABASE 'DatabaseName' As 'Alias-Name';

SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION語句的語法：

BEGIN;  
-- or  
BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;

SQLite BETWEEN語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;  
SQLite COMMIT Statement:  
COMMIT;

SQLite CREATE INDEX語句的語法：

CREATE INDEX index_name  
ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );

SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX語句的語法：

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name  
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQLite CREATE TABLE語句的語法：

CREATE TABLE table_name(  
   column1 datatype,  
   column2 datatype,  
   column3 datatype,  
   .....  
   columnN datatype,  
   PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns ));

SQLite CREATE TRIGGER語句的語法：

CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name   
BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW  
BEGIN   
   stmt1;   
   stmt2;  
   ....  
END;

SQLite CREATE VIEW語句的語法：

CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name  AS  
SELECT statement....;

SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE語句的語法：

CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log );  
-- or  
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );

SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION語句的語法：

COMMIT;

SQLite COUNT語句的語法：

SELECT COUNT(column_name)  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION;

SQLite DELETE語句的語法：

DELETE FROM table_name  
WHERE  {CONDITION};

SQLite DETACH DATABASE語句的語法：

DETACH DATABASE 'Alias-Name';

SQLite DISTINCT語句的語法：

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name;

SQLite DROP INDEX語句的語法：

DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;

SQLite DROP TABLE語句的語法：

DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;

SQLite DROP VIEW語句的語法：

DROP INDEX database_name.view_name;

SQLite DROP TRIGGER 語句的語法：

DROP INDEX database_name.trigger_name;

SQLite EXISTS語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM   table_name );

SQLite EXPLAIN語句的語法：

EXPLAIN INSERT statement...;  
-- or   
EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;

SQLite GLOB語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name GLOB { PATTERN };

SQLite GROUP BY語句的語法：

SELECT SUM(column_name)  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION  
GROUP BY column_name;

SQLite HAVING語句的語法：

SELECT SUM(column_name)  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION  
GROUP BY column_name  
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQLite INSERT INTO語句的語法：

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)  
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQLite IN語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite Like語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQLite NOT IN語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite ORDER BY語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION  
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQLite PRAGMA語句的語法：

PRAGMA pragma_name;

有關pragma的幾個範例：

PRAGMA page_size;  
PRAGMA cache_size = 1024;  
PRAGMA table_info(table_name);

SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT語句的語法：

RELEASE savepoint_name;

SQLite REINDEX語句的語法：

REINDEX collation_name;  
REINDEX database_name.index_name;  
REINDEX database_name.table_name;

SQLite ROLLBACK語句的語法：

ROLLBACK;  
-- or  
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SAVEPOINT語句的語法：

SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SELECT語句的語法：

SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name;

SQLite UPDATE語句的語法：

UPDATE table_name  
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN  
[ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQLite VACUUM語句的語法：

VACUUM;  
SQLite WHERE Clause:  
SELECT column1, column2....columnN  
FROM   table_name  
WHERE  CONDITION;