LNMP論壇搭建
2020-08-12 18:47:42
搭建LAMP
LAMP的四個組成
瞭解LAMP堆疊的四個軟體層有助於故障排除過程，它允許我們看到每個層如何相互依賴。下面 下麪我們來具體瞭解一下LAMP的四個組成部分：
Linux：操作系統（OS）構成了我們的第一層。Linux爲堆疊模型奠定了基礎。所有其他圖層都在此圖層的頂部執行。
Apache：第二層由Web伺服器軟體組成，通常是Apache Web Server。該層位於Linux層之上。Web伺服器負責從Web瀏覽器轉換到正確的網站。
MySQL：我們的第三層是MySQL數據庫所在的位置。MySQL儲存可以通過指令碼查詢來構建網站的詳細資訊。MySQL通常與Apache /第2層一起位於Linux層之上。在高階設定中，MySQL可以解除安裝到單獨的主機伺服器。
PHP（Perl或Python）：在它們之上的就是我們的第四層也是最後一層。指令碼層由PHP和/或其他類似的Web程式語言組成。網站和Web應用程式在此層中執行。
搭建Nginx
#安裝環境
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib-devel
#解壓縮原始碼包
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
#建立nginx使用者
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#編譯安裝
[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
#路徑優化
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin
#校驗組態檔語法錯誤並開啓服務檢視
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# netstat -antp | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22287/nginx: master
#新增Nginx系統服務
爲了使用Nginx服務啓動，停止，過載方便，可以編寫基於Nginx服務控制檔案使用systemctl
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description = nginx
After = network.target
[Service]
Type = forking
PIDFile = /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart = /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload = /usr/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop = /usr/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp = true
[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# systemctl enable nginx.service
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# systemctl start nginx.service
安裝MySQL
#安裝環境
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake
#解壓原始碼包
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
#編譯安裝
[root@localhost opt]# cd mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install
建立執行使用者
[root@localhost opt]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
數據庫目錄進行許可權調整
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
#調整組態檔
[root@localhost opt]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysqlbasedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
[root@localhost opt]# chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
#設定環境變數
[root@localhost opt]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH'>>/etc/profile
[root@localhost opt]# echo 'export PATH'>>/etc/profile
[root@localhost opt]# source /etc/profile
#初始化數據庫
[root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
#數據庫開啓並檢視狀態
[root@localhost system]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost system]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@localhost system]# systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost system]# netstat -antp | grep mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 21684/mysqld
#新增數據庫的管理員密碼;密碼爲"abc123"
[root@localhost etc]# mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"
Enter password:
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
安裝PHP
#安裝環境
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install \
libjpeg \
libjpeg-devel \
libpng \
libpng-devel \
freetype \
freetype-devel \
libxml2 \
libxml2-devel \
zlib \
zlib-devel \
curl \
curl-devel \
openssl \
openssl-devel
#解壓原始碼包
[root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
#編譯安裝
[root@localhost opt]# cd php-7.1.10/
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make && make install
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
......
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
......
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
#驗證安裝的模組
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m
#設定優化fpm模組
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost etc]# netstat -antp | grep php-fpm
[root@localhost etc]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 45498/php-fpm: mast
[root@localhost etc]# ps aux | grep -c "php-fpm"
4
讓nginx支援php
[root@localhost etc]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#設定測試網頁
[root@localhost etc]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost etc]# systemctl restart nginx.service
在瀏覽器上輸入"20.0.0.10/index.php"
#測試數據庫
[root@localhost etc]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 輸入之前的abc123
mysql> create database bbs;
mysql> grant all on bbs.* to 'bbsuser'@'%' identified by 'admin123';
mysql> grant all on bbs.* to 'bbsuser'@'localhost' identified by 'admin123';
mysql> flush privileges;
[root@localhost etc]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.136.50','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>
[root@localhost etc]# systemctl restart nginx
在瀏覽器上輸入"20.0.0.10/index.php"
部署社羣論壇
#解壓原始碼包
[root@localhost opt]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip
[root@localhost opt]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
#設定屬主屬組,許可權
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./config/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./data/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
[root@localhost bbs]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/
#安裝社羣動力論壇
在瀏覽器輸入"http://192.168.136.40/bbs/install/index.php"
