談談Selenium中的紀錄檔

來源於一位同學，「老師為啥firefox執行後會有紀錄檔檔案，chrome沒有呢？」

比對

你開啟chrome瀏覽器

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

這樣是沒有紀錄檔的

同樣的程式碼，你開啟firefox

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()

就會有個紀錄檔檔案geckodriver.log生成，預設在你上面程式碼所在目錄

內容大致如下

1678943199197	geckodriver	INFO	Listening on 127.0.0.1:8695
1678943202290	mozrunner::runner	INFO	Running command: "C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "--marionette" "--remote-debugging-port" "8696" "-no-remote" "-profile" "C:\\Users\\SONGQI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofileNtWGR9"
1678943202558	Marionette	INFO	Marionette enabled
Dynamically enable window occlusion 0
1678943202562	Marionette	INFO	Listening on port 8705
WebDriver BiDi listening on ws://127.0.0.1:8696
1678943202947	RemoteAgent	WARN	TLS certificate errors will be ignored for this session
console.warn: SearchSettings: "get: No settings file exists, new profile?" (new NotFoundError("Could not open the file at C:\\Users\\SONGQI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofileNtWGR9\\search.json.mozlz4", (void 0)))
DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:8696/devtools/browser/791df03a-8db6-429b-969a-32cd077b3c2f

的確是這樣的，chrome和firefox2個瀏覽器在selenium中的api都是有差異的

下面的程式碼可以讓你看到2者獨有的那些api

from selenium import webdriver
driver1 = webdriver.Chrome()
driver2 = webdriver.Firefox()
set_of_chrome_api = set([_ for _ in dir(driver1) if _[0]!='_'])
set_of_firefox_api = set([_ for _ in dir(driver2) if _[0]!='_'])
print('firefox特有的:',(set_of_chrome_api|set_of_firefox_api)-set_of_chrome_api)
print('-------------')
print('chrome特有的:',(set_of_chrome_api|set_of_firefox_api)-set_of_firefox_api)

讓chrome也有紀錄檔

首先來看下Chrome這個類的初始化引數都有哪些

# selenium\webdriver\chrome\webdriver.py
class WebDriver(ChromiumDriver):
    def __init__(self, executable_path=DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE_PATH, port=DEFAULT_PORT,
                 options: Options = None, service_args=None,
                 desired_capabilities=None, service_log_path=DEFAULT_SERVICE_LOG_PATH,
                 chrome_options=None, service: Service = None, keep_alive=DEFAULT_KEEP_ALIVE):

你應該一眼就看到有紀錄檔相關的引數了service_log_path
有個預設值DEFAULT_SERVICE_LOG_PATH
往上能看到定義：DEFAULT_SERVICE_LOG_PATH = None
所以chrome就沒有紀錄檔了

要有就簡單了，給一個值就行了，這樣

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service_log_path='chrome.log')

妥妥的在當前目錄下生成了一個chrome.log檔案裡面也記錄著本次操作的紀錄檔
多說幾句，預設的紀錄檔就記錄到INFO/WARN這樣的級別

如果要加DEBUG的資訊，可以這樣

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service_args=['--verbose'],
                          service_log_path='chrome.log')

讓firefox沒有紀錄檔，沒那麼簡單

循著剛才的思路，讓firefox沒有紀錄檔似乎就很簡單了

依葫蘆畫瓢，找到Firefox的定義

# selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py
# 注意，此處的路徑跟上面的chrome的並不一樣
class WebDriver(RemoteWebDriver):
    def __init__(self, firefox_profile=None, firefox_binary=None,
                 capabilities=None, proxy=None,
                 executable_path=DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE_PATH, options=None,
                 service_log_path=DEFAULT_SERVICE_LOG_PATH,
                 service_args=None, service=None, desired_capabilities=None,
                 log_path=DEFAULT_LOG_PATH, keep_alive=True):

看到了引數service_log_path，一樣也有預設值DEFAULT_SERVICE_LOG_PATH
找到定義處，DEFAULT_SERVICE_LOG_PATH = "geckodriver.log"

改為None試試

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox(service_log_path=None)

效果有，但又有點不對

控制檯冒出了很多資訊

demo_log.py:2: DeprecationWarning: service_log_path has been deprecated, please pass in a Service object
  driver = webdriver.Firefox(service_log_path=None)
1678944678241	geckodriver	INFO	Listening on 127.0.0.1:10729
1678944681310	mozrunner::runner	INFO	Running command: "C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "--marionette" "--remote-debugging-port" "10730" "-no-remote" "-profile" "C:\\Users\\SONGQI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofileeEN3y9"
Dynamically enable window occlusion 0
1678944681583	Marionette	INFO	Marionette enabled
1678944681587	Marionette	INFO	Listening on port 10743
WebDriver BiDi listening on ws://127.0.0.1:10730
1678944681883	RemoteAgent	WARN	TLS certificate errors will be ignored for this session
console.warn: SearchSettings: "get: No settings file exists, new profile?" (new NotFoundError("Could not open the file at C:\\Users\\SONGQI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofileeEN3y9\\search.json.mozlz4", (void 0)))
DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:10730/devtools/browser/a4f3a501-e642-4540-8998-ae1ea0b3abc5

仔細一看，跟之前在geckodriver.log中列印的類似

還多了一句

DeprecationWarning: service_log_path has been deprecated, please pass in a Service object

原來service_log_path被棄用了，需要傳遞一個Service物件
怎麼傳遞Service物件呢？找到其定義，注意路徑

有多個Service在selenium這個庫中，你要的是firefox下的

#  selenium\webdriver\firefox\service.py
class Service(service.Service):
    """Object that manages the starting and stopping of the
    GeckoDriver."""

    def __init__(self, executable_path: str = DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE_PATH,
                 port: int = 0, service_args: List[str] = None,
                 log_path: str = "geckodriver.log", env: dict = None):

可以看到，這裡有個引數log_path，其預設值是"geckodriver.log"

那我們就可以這樣修改了

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service
# 聽你的，傳遞一個Service物件
# Service(log_path='') 就是一個
driver = webdriver.Firefox(service=Service(log_path=''))

至此DeprecationWarning: service_log_path has been deprecated, please pass in a Service object的這段沒了
不過下面的1678945260755 geckodriver INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:11634，這樣的仍然存在的

而這部分實際是geckodriver這個驅動的列印資訊

C:\Users\xxx>geckodriver
1678945567307   geckodriver     INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:4444

如果要去掉，就是讓geckodriver這個程式靜默

沒有找到太好的辦法，geckodriver的幫助如下

C:\Users\xxx>geckodriver --help
geckodriver 0.30.0 (d372710b98a6 2021-09-16 10:29 +0300)
WebDriver implementation for Firefox

USAGE:
    geckodriver [FLAGS] [OPTIONS]

FLAGS:
        --connect-existing    Connect to an existing Firefox instance
    -h, --help                Prints this message
        --jsdebugger          Attach browser toolbox debugger for Firefox
    -v                        Log level verbosity (-v for debug and -vv for trace level)
    -V, --version             Prints version and copying information

OPTIONS:
        --android-storage <ANDROID_STORAGE>    Selects storage location to be used for test data (deprecated). [possible
                                               values: auto, app, internal, sdcard]
    -b, --binary <BINARY>                      Path to the Firefox binary
        --log <LEVEL>                          Set Gecko log level [possible values: fatal, error, warn, info, config,
                                               debug, trace]
        --marionette-host <HOST>               Host to use to connect to Gecko [default: 127.0.0.1]
        --marionette-port <PORT>               Port to use to connect to Gecko [default: system-allocated port]
        --host <HOST>                          Host IP to use for WebDriver server [default: 127.0.0.1]
    -p, --port <PORT>                          Port to use for WebDriver server [default: 4444]
        --websocket-port <PORT>                Port to use to connect to WebDriver BiDi [default: 9222]

--log 這個引數可以讓它控制輸出級別

最終我們可以這樣寫

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service

driver = webdriver.Firefox(service=Service(log_path='',
                    service_args=['--log','fatal']))  # 你不能 ['--log fatal'] 會報錯

然，即便如此，控制檯一樣有列印

Dynamically enable window occlusion 0
WebDriver BiDi listening on ws://127.0.0.1:12166
console.warn: SearchSettings: "get: No settings file exists, new profile?" (new NotFoundError("Could not open the file at C:\\Users\\SONGQI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofiledrxhm5\\search.json.mozlz4", (void 0)))
DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:12166/devtools/browser/22a37523-84bc-4bd6-a5e9-79c30825d1e8

啊~~~~~~~~~無語了，不弄了，放棄了，乾點有意義的事情吧，有點無趣