技術文章 » Java開發環境設定

Java開發環境設定

2023-02-26 21:01:27

前言

  1. 本文主要以OS為Mac Apple晶片版本為主進行記錄，其他OS均可在提供的官網連結中找到相應的設定說明；
  2. 本文暫時記錄了Homebrew、JDK8、Maven3.9.0、MySQL8.0、Redis、Jmeter這些程式的環境設定，其他程式待後續使用時再補充。

Homebrew

官網下載地址：https://brew.sh/index_zh-cn

設定說明

  • 下載步驟
    1. 開啟終端》輸入
      /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)"
    2. 選擇映象，如中科院
    3. 等待下載完成，如果提示需要安裝git，則先安裝git，再執行shell安裝指令碼
    4. 安裝完成後，「brew -v」檢視版本
    5. 安裝目錄/opt/homebrew
    6. 解除安裝
      /bin/zsh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/HomebrewUninstall.sh)"
  • 使用
    # 搜尋包
brew search 包
# 安裝包
brew install 包
# 檢視包資訊
brew info 包
# 解除安裝包
brew uninstall 包
# 顯示已安裝的包
brew list
# 顯示已安裝包的路徑
brew list 包
# 檢視brew的幫助
brew –help
# 更新
brew update
# 檢查過時（是否有新版本），這會列出所有安裝的包裡，哪些可以升級
brew outdated
brew outdated 包
# 升級所有可以升級的軟體們
brew upgrade
brew upgrade 包
# 清理不需要的版本極其安裝包快取
brew cleanup
brew cleanup 包

JDK

官網下載地址：https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html

設定說明

  • windows：https://www.runoob.com/java/java-environment-setup.html

  • mac

    • 官網下載：下載「JDK-8U202-macOSX-X64.dmg」或其他macOS版本，一步步點選即可【X64和Apple晶片均相容】
    • 安裝路徑：/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_351.jdk/Contents/Home
    • 環境變數設定：/Library/Internet Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin/Contents/Home/bin/java
    • 完全解除安裝：
      • 刪除jdk
        sudo rm -rf /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_351.jdk
      • 刪除執行路徑和環境
        sudo rm -rf /Library/Internet\ Plug-Ins/JavaAppletPlugin.plugin
sudo rm -rf /Library/PreferencesPanes/JavaControlPanel.prefPane
sudo rm -rf /Library/Application\ Support/Java

  • linux

    • 官網下載：下載"jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz"或者其他linux版本
    • 解壓：tar -zxvf jdk-8u202-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
    • 設定環境變數
      # 環境變數設定存放在/etc/profile，改變前先複製一份備用
cp /etc/profile /etc/profile-init
# 開啟編輯檔案
vim /etc/profile
# 在最前面或最後面新增JDK環境變數
export JAVA_HOME=/download/jdk1.8.0_202
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

Maven

官網下載地址：https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

設定說明

  • 設定參考：https://www.runoob.com/maven/maven-setup.html【菜鳥教學】
  • setting.xml檔案設定：https://maven.apache.org/settings.html【官網說明】
  • 自用setting.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.2.0.xsd">
    <!-- 本地倉庫 -->
    <localRepository>/Users/mybook/DevelopTools/apache-maven-3.9.0/Repository</localRepository>

    <pluginGroups></pluginGroups>

    <proxies></proxies>

    <!--私服使用者設定，沒用私服不需要設定了-->
    <servers></servers>

    <!--映象中央倉庫-->
    <mirrors>
        <mirror>         
            <id>alimaven</id>
            <name>aliyun maven</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
            <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf> 
        </mirror>
        <mirror>
            <id>central</id>
            <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
            <url>https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/</url>
            <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
        </mirror>
        <mirror>
            <id>jboss-public-repository-group</id>
            <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
            <name>JBoss Public Repository Group</name>
            <url>http://repository.jboss.org/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
        </mirror>
    </mirrors>

    <!--私服使用者設定，沒用私服不需要設定了-->
    <profiles></profiles>
    <activeProfiles></activeProfiles>
</settings>

MySQL

官網下載地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

設定說明

  • mac

    • 下載：直接下載"macOS 13 (ARM, 64-bit), DMG Archive "，一路點選，密碼選擇"use legacy password encryption"，設定root使用者的登入密碼

    • 設定環境變數

      # 編輯，設定如下內容
sudo vim /etc/profile
# 設定生效
source /etc/profile
# 檢視版本
mysql --version

      #mysql
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/support-files

    • 啟動、安裝/解除安裝、設定

  • linux
    • 下載：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
    • 解壓：tar -xvJf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
    • 重新命名：mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8.0
    • 建立資料儲存目錄：mkdir /../mysql8.0/data
    • 建立mysql使用者和使用者組，並設定許可權
      # 建立mysql使用者和使用者組
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
# 給mysql使用者賦予許可權
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
    • 初始化mysql資訊
      cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
# 初始化基本資訊
./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --initialize
# 獲取臨時密碼：最後一行 root@localhost: lxkqDibw2?Yn
    • 新增mysql服務到系統
      cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0
# 將mysqld服務新增到系統
cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
# 授權以及新增服務
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql
# 建立my.cnf檔案
sudo vim /etc/my.cnf
# 設定許可權
sudo chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf

      # Example MySQL config file for small systems.  
#  
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used  
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon  
# doesn't use much resources.  
#  
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
# You can copy this option file to one of those  
# locations. For information about these locations, see:  
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
#  
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
# with the "--help" option.  

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
[client]  
default-character-set=utf8  
#password   = k0Ui&wV(Z3yt
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  

# Here follows entries for some specific programs  

# The MySQL server   
[mysqld]  

#設定mysql的資料夾 和 mysql data目錄
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0/data
default-storage-engine=INNODB  
character-set-server=utf8  
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
skip-external-locking  
key_buffer_size = 16K  
max_allowed_packet = 1M  
table_open_cache = 4 
sort_buffer_size = 64K  
read_buffer_size = 256K  
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K  
net_buffer_length = 2K  
thread_stack = 128K  

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
#   
#skip-networking  
server-id   = 1 

# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates  
#log-bin=mysql-bin  

# binary logging format - mixed recommended  
#binlog_format=mixed  

# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be  
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that  
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional  
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM  
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.  
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE  

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 

[mysqldump]  
quick  
max_allowed_packet = 16M  

[mysql]  
no-auto-rehash  
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
#safe-updates  

[myisamchk]  
key_buffer_size = 8M  
sort_buffer_size = 8M  

[mysqlhotcopy]  
interactive-timeout

服務啟動/關閉/登入/退出

  • mysql服務啟動/關閉
    # 啟動mysql服務
service mysql start
# 檢視mysql執行狀態
service mysql status
# 將mysql命令新增到服務
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0/bin/mysql /usr/bin
# 關閉mysql服務
service mysql stop
  • mysql服務登入/退出
    # 登入
mysql mysql -uroot -p
# 退出
quit;
# 修改root密碼 mysql>
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
# 重新整理快取
flush privileges;

使用者端

推薦兩款使用下來體驗很不錯的使用者端： Navicat（收費，或找破解版）、DBeaver（開源免費，但下載程式後還需要下載驅動才可使用）

Redis

官網下載：https://redis.io/docs/getting-started/

設定說明

Jmeter

官網下載地址：https://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi

設定說明