前端(vue)入門到精通課程:進入學習
是一個基於Chrome V8引擎的JavaScript執行環境,通常用於建立網路應用程式。它可以同時處理多個連線,並且不像其他大多數模型那樣依賴執行緒。
對於 Web 開發者來說,從資料庫或Web伺服器獲取資料,然後輸出到Excel檔案以進行進一步分析的場景時有發生。我們的技術團隊在跟國內外各行各業使用者交流的過程中,就曾發現有很多的使用者嘗試在的環境下執行SpreadJS 純前端表格控制元件,藉助該控制元件,可以在伺服器不預裝任何Excel依賴項的情況下,收集使用者輸入的資訊,並將其自動匯出到Excel檔案中。
為了滿足廣大技術愛好者的需要,同時減少大家在未來技術選型方面所走的彎路,本文將就SpreadJS 與 Node.js之間的技術性方案進行探討!
首先,我們需要安裝Node.js以及Mock-Browser,BufferJS和FileReader,大家可以前往以下連結進行下載,同步操作:
我們將使用Visual Studio建立應用程式。開啟Visual Studio後,使用JavaScript> Node.js>Blank Node.js控制檯應用程式模板建立一個新應用程式。這將自動建立所需的檔案並開啟" app.js"檔案,也是我們將要更改的唯一檔案。
對於BufferJS庫,您需要下載該軟體包,然後通過導航到專案資料夾(一旦建立)並執行以下命令,將其手動安裝到專案中:
npm install
安裝完成後,您可能需要開啟專案的package.json檔案並將其新增到" dependencies"部分。檔案內容應如下所示:
{ "name": "spread-sheets-node-jsapp", "version": "0.0.0", "description": "SpreadSheetsNodeJSApp", "main": "app.js", "author": { "name": "admin" }, "dependencies": { "FileReader": "^0.10.2", "bufferjs": "1.0.0", "mock-browser": "^0.92.14" } }
在此範例中,我們將使用Node.js的檔案系統模組。我們可以將其載入到:
var fs = require('fs')
為了將SpreadJS與Node.js結合使用,我們還需要載入已安裝的Mock-Browser:
var mockBrowser =require('mock-browser').mocks.MockBrowser
在載入SpreadJS指令碼之前,我們需要初始化模擬瀏覽器。初始化我們稍後在應用程式中可能需要使用的變數,尤其是" window"變數:
global.window =mockBrowser.createWindow() global.document = window.document global.navigator = window.navigator global.HTMLCollection =window.HTMLCollection global.getComputedStyle =window.getComputedStyle
初始化FileReader庫:
var fileReader = require('filereader'); global.FileReader = fileReader;
將SpreadJS安裝檔案中的SpreadJS Sheets和ExcelIO包新增到專案中。
您可以通過右鍵單擊解決方案資源管理器的" npm"部分並將它們新增到您的專案中,然後選擇"安裝新的NPM軟體包"。您應該能夠搜尋" GrapeCity"並安裝以下2個軟體包:
@grapecity/spread-sheets @grapectiy/spread-excelio
將SpreadJS npm軟體包新增到專案後,正確的依賴關係將被寫入package.json:
{ "name": "spread-sheets-node-jsapp", "version": "0.0.0", "description": "SpreadSheetsNodeJSApp", "main": "app.js", "author": { "name": "admin" }, "dependencies":{ "@grapecity/spread-excelio": "^11.2.1", "@grapecity/spread-sheets": "^11.2.1", "FileReader": "^0.10.2", "bufferjs": "1.0.0", "mock-browser": "^0.92.14" } }
現在我們需要在app.js檔案中引入它:
var GC =require('@grapecity/spread-sheets') var GCExcel =require('@grapecity/spread-excelio');
使用npm軟體包時,還需要設定許可證金鑰(點選此處,免費申請許可證金鑰):
GC.Spread.Sheets.LicenseKey ="<YOUR KEY HERE>"
在這個特定的應用程式中,我們將向使用者顯示他們正在使用哪個版本的SpreadJS。為此,我們可以引入package.json檔案,然後參照依賴項以獲取版本號:
var packageJson =require('./package.json') console.log('\n** Using Spreadjs Version"' + packageJson.dependencies["@grapecity/spread-sheets"] +'" **')
點選此處,下載現成的Excel模板檔案,該檔案包含了從使用者那裡獲取資料。接下來,將資料放入檔案中並匯出。在這種情況下,檔案是使用者可以編輯的狀態。
初始化工作簿和ExcelIO變數:
var wb = new GC.Spread.Sheets.Workbook(); var excelIO = new GCExcel.IO();
我們在讀取檔案時將程式碼包裝在try / catch塊中。然後,初始化變數" readline",讓您讀取使用者輸入到控制檯的資料。接下來,我們將其儲存到一個JavaScript陣列中,以便輕鬆填寫Excel檔案:
// Instantiate the spreadsheet and modifyit console.log('\nManipulatingSpreadsheet\n---'); try { var file = fs.readFileSync('./content/billingInvoiceTemplate.xlsx'); excelIO.open(file.buffer, (data) => { wb.fromJSON(data); const readline = require('readline'); var invoice = { generalInfo: [], invoiceItems: [], companyDetails: [] }; }); } catch (e) { console.error("** Error manipulating spreadsheet **"); console.error(e); }
上圖顯示了我們正在使用的Excel檔案。我們可以在excelio.open呼叫中建立一個單獨的函數,以在控制檯中提示使用者需要的每一項內容。我們也可以建立一個單獨的陣列,將資料儲存到每個輸入後,然後將其推播到我們建立的invoice.generalInfo陣列中:
fillGeneralInformation(); function fillGeneralInformation() { console.log("-----------------------\nFill in InvoiceDetails\n-----------------------") const rl = readline.createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout }); var generalInfoArray = []; rl.question('Invoice Number: ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Invoice Date (dd Month Year): ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Payment Due Date (ddMonth Year): ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Customer Name: ',(answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('CustomerCompany Name: ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Customer Street Address:', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Customer City, State, Zip (<City>, <State Abbr><Zip>): ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Invoice Company Name: ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Invoice Street Address: ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.question('Invoice City, State, Zip (<City>, <State Abbr><Zip>): ', (answer) => { generalInfoArray.push(answer); rl.close(); invoice.generalInfo.push({ "invoiceNumber": generalInfoArray[0], "invoiceDate": generalInfoArray[1], "paymentDueDate": generalInfoArray[2], "customerName": generalInfoArray[3], "customerCompanyName": generalInfoArray[4], "customerStreetAddress": generalInfoArray[5], "customerCityStateZip": generalInfoArray[6], "invoiceCompanyName": generalInfoArray[7], "invoiceStreetAddress": generalInfoArray[8], "invoiceCityStateZip": generalInfoArray[9], }); console.log("General Invoice Information Stored"); fillCompanyDetails(); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }
該函數被稱為" fillCompanyDetails",目的是收集有關公司的資訊以填充到工作簿的第二張表中:
function fillCompanyDetails() { console.log("-----------------------\nFill in CompanyDetails\n-----------------------") const rl = readline.createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout }); var companyDetailsArray = [] rl.question('Your Name: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Company Name: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Address Line 1: ',(answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Address Line 2: ',(answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Address Line3: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('AddressLine 4: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Address Line 5: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Phone: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Facsimile: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Website: ', (answer)=> { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Email: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Currency Abbreviation: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Beneficiary: ',(answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Bank: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Bank Address: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Account Number: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('RoutingNumber: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.question('Make Checks Payable To: ', (answer) => { companyDetailsArray.push(answer); rl.close(); invoice.companyDetails.push({ "yourName": companyDetailsArray[0], "companyName": companyDetailsArray[1], "addressLine1": companyDetailsArray[2], "addressLine2": companyDetailsArray[3], "addressLine3": companyDetailsArray[4], "addressLine4": companyDetailsArray[5], "addressLine5": companyDetailsArray[6], "phone":companyDetailsArray[7], "facsimile": companyDetailsArray[8], "website":companyDetailsArray[9], "email": companyDetailsArray[10], "currencyAbbreviation":companyDetailsArray[11], "beneficiary": companyDetailsArray[12], "bank":companyDetailsArray[13], "bankAddress": companyDetailsArray[14], "accountNumber": companyDetailsArray[15], "routingNumber": companyDetailsArray[16], "payableTo": companyDetailsArray[17] }); console.log("Invoice Company Information Stored"); console.log("-----------------------\nFillin Invoice Items\n-----------------------") fillInvoiceItemsInformation(); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }); }
現在我們已經有了使用者的基本資訊,我們可以集中精力收集單個專案,並另命名為" fillInvoiceItemsInformation"函數。在每個專案執行之前,我們會詢問使用者是否要新增一個專案。如果他們繼續輸入" y",那麼我們將收集該專案的資訊,然後再次詢問直到他們鍵入" n":
function fillInvoiceItemsInformation() { const rl = readline.createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout }); var invoiceItemArray = []; rl.question('Add item?(y/n): ', (answer) => { switch (answer) { case "y": console.log("-----------------------\nEnter ItemInformation\n-----------------------"); rl.question('Quantity: ',(answer) => { invoiceItemArray.push(answer); rl.question('Details: ',(answer) => { invoiceItemArray.push(answer); rl.question('UnitPrice: ', (answer) => { invoiceItemArray.push(answer); invoice.invoiceItems.push({ "quantity":invoiceItemArray[0], "details": invoiceItemArray[1], "unitPrice": invoiceItemArray[2] }); console.log("ItemInformation Added"); rl.close(); fillInvoiceItemsInformation(); }); }); }); break; case "n": rl.close(); return fillExcelFile(); break; default: console.log("Incorrectoption, Please enter 'y' or 'n'."); } }); }
在收集所有必需的使用者資訊後,我們可以將其填入到Excel檔案中:
function fillExcelFile() { console.log("-----------------------\nFilling in Excelfile\n-----------------------"); fillBillingInfo(); fillCompanySetup(); } function fillBillingInfo() { var sheet = wb.getSheet(0); sheet.getCell(0, 2).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceNumber); sheet.getCell(1, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceDate); sheet.getCell(2, 2).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].paymentDueDate); sheet.getCell(3, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerName); sheet.getCell(4, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerCompanyName); sheet.getCell(5, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerStreetAddress); sheet.getCell(6, 1).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].customerCityStateZip); sheet.getCell(3, 3).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceCompanyName); sheet.getCell(4, 3).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceStreetAddress); sheet.getCell(5, 3).value(invoice.generalInfo[0].invoiceCityStateZip); } function fillCompanySetup() { var sheet = wb.getSheet(1); sheet.getCell(2, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].yourName); sheet.getCell(3, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].companyName); sheet.getCell(4, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine1); sheet.getCell(5, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine2); sheet.getCell(6, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine3); sheet.getCell(7, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine4); sheet.getCell(8, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].addressLine5); sheet.getCell(9, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].phone); sheet.getCell(10, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].facsimile); sheet.getCell(11, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].website); sheet.getCell(12, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].email); sheet.getCell(13, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].currencyAbbreviation); sheet.getCell(14, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].beneficiary); sheet.getCell(15, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].bank); sheet.getCell(16, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].bankAddress); sheet.getCell(17, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].accountNumber); sheet.getCell(18, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].routingNumber); sheet.getCell(19, 2).value(invoice.companyDetails[0].payableTo); }
為了防止使用者新增的數量超過工作表最大行數,我們可以在工作表中自動新增更多行。在設定陣列中表單中的專案之前,預設新增行:
function fillInvoiceItems() { var sheet = wb.getSheet(0); var rowsToAdd = 0; if (invoice.invoiceItems.length > 15) { rowsToAdd = invoice.invoiceItems.length - 15; sheet.addRows(22, rowsToAdd); } var rowIndex = 8; if (invoice.invoiceItems.length >= 1) { for (var i = 0; i < invoice.invoiceItems.length; i++) { sheet.getCell(rowIndex,1).value(invoice.invoiceItems.quantity); sheet.getCell(rowIndex,2).value(invoice.invoiceItems.details); sheet.getCell(rowIndex,3).value(invoice.invoiceItems.unitPrice); rowIndex++; } } }
在工作簿中填寫完資訊後,我們可以將工作簿匯出到Excel檔案中。為此,我們將使用excelio開啟功能。在這種情況下,只需將日期輸入檔名即可:
function exportExcelFile() { excelIO.save(wb.toJSON(), (data) => { fs.appendFileSync('Invoice' + new Date().valueOf() + '.xlsx', newBuffer(data), function (err) { console.log(err); }); console.log("Export success"); }, (err) => { console.log(err); }, { useArrayBuffer: true }); }
完成的檔案將如下所示:
更多node相關知識,請存取:!
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