彩虹女神躍長空,Go語言進階之Go語言高效能Web框架Iris專案實戰-使用者系統EP03
2022-09-02 18:01:35
前文再續，之前一篇我們已經設定好了資料庫以及模板引擎，現在可以在邏輯層編寫具體業務程式碼了，部落格平臺和大多數線上平臺一樣，都是基於使用者賬號體系來進行操作，所以我們需要針對使用者表完成使用者賬號的CURD操作。
使用者後臺模板
首先使用者操作邏輯主要在後臺展現，所以模板應該單獨生成admin資料夾，和前臺模板進行邏輯隔離：
cd views
mkdir admin
隨後建立使用者管理頁面模板user.html:
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<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile" />
<title>使用者管理</title>
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<meta content="index,follow" name="GOOGLEBOT">
<meta content="劉悅" name="Author">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="4500"/>
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<script src="../assets/js/axios.js"></script>
<script src="../assets/js/vue.js"></script>
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<body >
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<div class="container">
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<div class="search navbar-right" >
<form action="/Index_search" method ="GET" class="search_form" >
<input type="search" name="text" class="search_input" placeholder="Search" required="required" >
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
<header>
</header>
<section>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">
<ul class="g-formlist form_li">
<li>
<label class="mark">使用者名稱</label>
<div class="write">
<input type="text" id="form-name" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="請輸入4-10字元" />
<span class="tip" data-initial="請輸入4-10字元"></span>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<label class="mark">密 碼</label>
<div class="write">
<input type="password" id="form-psw" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="請輸入6-30字元" />
<span class="tip" data-initial="請輸入6-30字元"></span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<button>提交</button>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</div>
</div>
</body>
模板目錄架構如下：
└── views
├── admin
│ └── user.html
├── index.html
└── test.html
views根目錄模板為前臺模板，而admin目錄下模板是為後臺模板。
同時前端宣告username和password變數，分別繫結使用者名稱和密碼：
const App = {
data() {
return {
//使用者名稱
username: "",
//密碼
password:""
};
},
created: function() {
console.log("你好，女神");
},
methods: {
},
};
接著構造使用者新增表單，繫結表單欄位：
<ul class="g-formlist form_li">
<li>
<label class="mark">使用者名稱</label>
<div class="write">
<input v-model="username" type="text" id="form-name" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="請輸入4-10字元" />
<span class="tip" data-initial="請輸入4-10字元"></span>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<label class="mark">密 碼</label>
<div class="write">
<input v-model="password" type="password" id="form-psw" class="g-text-entry" placeholder="請輸入6-30字元" />
<span class="tip" data-initial="請輸入6-30字元"></span>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<button @click="submit">提交</button>
這裡通過v-model關鍵字將表單和變數做雙向繫結，同時為按鈕繫結submit提交方法。
如果願意，我們也可以針對前端的axios庫進行二次封裝，增加非同步請求方法的複用性：
const myaxios = function (url, type, data = {}) {
return new
Promise((resolve) => {
if (type === "get" || type === "delete") {
axios({
method: type,
url: url,
params: data
}).then((result) => {
resolve(result.data);
});
} else {
const params = new URLSearchParams();
for (var key in data) {
params.append(key,data[key]);
}
axios({
method: type,
url: url,
data:params
}).then((result) => {
resolve(result.data);
});
}
});
}
app.config.globalProperties.myaxios = myaxios;
這樣，我們就可以隨時使用this關鍵字來向後臺發起非同步請求了。
接著，編寫後臺檢視，將使用者後臺模板渲染出來：
app.Get("/admin/user/", func(ctx iris.Context) {
ctx.View("/admin/user.html")
})
編譯後，存取 http://localhost:5000/admin/user/，如圖所示：
使用者後臺介面
後臺介面主要負責接收前端請求的引數，然後根據請求方式型別來決定使用者表的操作動作，首先構建新增介面：
app.Post("/admin/user_action/", func(ctx iris.Context) {
username := ctx.PostValue("username")
password := ctx.PostValue("password")
fmt.Println(username, password)
ret := map[string]string{
"errcode": "0",
"msg": "ok",
}
ctx.JSON(ret)
})
這裡使用Post方式匹配路由/admin/user_action/，隨後通過ctx結構體的PostValue函數來獲取具體的引數key，然後利用ctx.JSON函數將字典序列化為Json，再返回給前端。
前端則使用之前封裝好的myaxios內建方法向後端發起非同步請求：
submit:function(){
this.myaxios("http://localhost:5000/admin/user_action/","post",{"username":this.username,"password":this.password}).then(data => {
console.log(data)
});
}
後臺返回：
Now listening on: http://localhost:5000
Application started. Press CTRL+C to shut down.
19:30:58 app | admin admin
可以看到，後端列印出了前端請求的使用者名稱和密碼，接著就是入庫操作：
app.Post("/admin/user_action/", func(ctx iris.Context) {
username := ctx.PostValue("username")
password := ctx.PostValue("password")
fmt.Println(username, password)
user := &model.User{Username: username, Password: password}
res := db.Create(user)
fmt.Println(res.Error)
ret := map[string]string{
"errcode": "0",
"msg": "ok",
}
ctx.JSON(ret)
})
這裡初始化結構體變數user後，利用db.Create函數進行入庫操作。
隨後檢查入庫結果：
MySQL [irisblog]> select * from user;
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------+
| id | created_at | updated_at | deleted_at | username | password |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------+
| 13 | 2022-08-22 19:33:16 | 2022-08-22 19:33:16 | NULL | admin | admin |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
入庫操作雖然成功了，但顯然，密碼不能使用明文，否則不就步CSDN的後塵貽笑大方了嗎？
新增md5加密邏輯：
w := md5.New()
io.WriteString(w, password) //將str寫入到w中
md5str := fmt.Sprintf("%x", w.Sum(nil))
注意匯入"crypto/md5"和"io"兩個標準庫包。
完成程式碼：
app.Post("/admin/user_action/", func(ctx iris.Context) {
username := ctx.PostValue("username")
password := ctx.PostValue("password")
fmt.Println(username, password)
w := md5.New()
io.WriteString(w, password) //將str寫入到w中
md5str := fmt.Sprintf("%x", w.Sum(nil))
user := &model.User{Username: username, Password: md5str}
res := db.Create(user)
fmt.Println(res.Error)
ret := map[string]string{
"errcode": "0",
"msg": "ok",
}
ctx.JSON(ret)
})
重新編譯後，再次發起請求，檢查入庫結果：
MySQL [irisblog]> select * from user;
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+
| id | created_at | updated_at | deleted_at | username | password |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+
| 16 | 2022-08-22 19:41:40 | 2022-08-22 19:41:40 | NULL | admin | 21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3 |
+----+---------------------+---------------------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
完成新增邏輯後，可以將使用者列表批次查詢出來：
app.Get("/admin/userlist/", func(ctx iris.Context) {
var users []model.User
res := db.Find(&users)
ctx.JSON(res)
})
注意這裡宣告一個切片巢狀結構users，切片的每一個元素是使用者結構體，介面返回：
{
Value: [
{
ID: 16,
CreatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:41:40+08:00",
UpdatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:41:40+08:00",
DeletedAt: null,
Username: "admin",
Password: "21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3"
},
{
ID: 17,
CreatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:25+08:00",
UpdatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:25+08:00",
DeletedAt: null,
Username: "888123",
Password: "202cb962ac59075b964b07152d234b70"
},
{
ID: 18,
CreatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:28+08:00",
UpdatedAt: "2022-08-22T19:48:28+08:00",
DeletedAt: null,
Username: "admin123",
Password: "21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3"
}
],
Error: null,
RowsAffected: 3
}
隨後，前端可以通過非同步請求回撥賦值將使用者列表展示在頁面中：
const App = {
data() {
return {
//使用者名稱
username: "",
//密碼
password:"",
//使用者列表
userlist:[]
};
},
created: function() {
console.log("你好，女神");
this.get_userlist();
},
methods: {
get_userlist:function(){
this.myaxios("http://localhost:5000/admin/userlist/","get",).then(data => {
console.log(data)
this.userlist = data.Value
});
},
submit:function(){
this.myaxios("http://localhost:5000/admin/user_action/","post",{"username":this.username,"password":this.password}).then(data => {
console.log(data)
});
}
},
};
隨後，在頁面中渲染userlist變數：
<table class="gridtable">
<tr>
<th>使用者id</th>
<th>使用者名稱</th>
<th>新增時間</th>
</tr>
<tr v-for="(item,index) in userlist">
<td>{{ item.ID }}</td>
<td>{{ item.Username }}</td>
<td>{{ item.CreatedAt }}</td>
</tr>
</table>
請求 http://localhost:5000/admin/user/ 如圖所示：
Vue.js+Iris的前後端聯調流程就跑通了，當然有些地方還需要封裝，比如md5加密環節，後續登入模組也依然會依賴md5包，專案根目錄下建立mytool目錄：
mkdir mytool
cd mytool
將md5加密封裝為函數：
package mytool
import (
"crypto/md5"
"fmt"
"io"
)
func Make_password(password string) string {
w := md5.New()
io.WriteString(w, password) //將str寫入到w中
md5str := fmt.Sprintf("%x", w.Sum(nil))
return md5str
}
隨後通過包名進行呼叫：
md5str := mytool.Make_password(password)
結語
至此，前後端分離的使用者系統就構建好了，開發效率層面，基於Go lang的Iris框架並不遜色於任何動態語言框架，語法的簡明程度有過之而無不及，效能層面更是不遑多讓，該專案已開源在Github：https://github.com/zcxey2911/IrisBlog ，與君共觴，和君共勉。