C#介面卡模式

2022-06-14 09:00:27

前言

我昨天做了個夢,我夢見我在一條路走,走的時候經過一個房間,裡面關著一條邊牧和雞和豬,後來我醒了,我知道那隻邊牧就是小葉子(哈仔十一的邊牧),小葉子具備牧羊和牧雞的技能,因此,假如我想把一隻邊牧或者一隻狗變成小葉子那樣,那麼首先就得讓其賦予牧雞的本事,而十一(哈仔十一的哈士奇)則具備賣萌的技能

介面卡模式

我們先定義一些程式碼



    internal interface IDog
    {
        public void Eat();

        public void Bark();
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 哈士奇
    /// </summary>
    internal interface IHuskyDog:IDog
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 破壞、拆家
        /// </summary>
        public void Demolition();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 牧羊犬
    /// </summary>
    internal interface IShepherdDog:IDog
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 牧羊
        /// </summary>
        public void Shepherd();
    }



    /// <summary>
    /// 小葉子、小椰汁
    /// </summary>
    internal class XiaoYezi : IShepherdDog
    {
        public void Bark()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"I Am {nameof(XiaoYezi)} 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!");
        }

        public void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"I Am {nameof(XiaoYezi)} 好吃 !!!!!");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 牧羊
        /// </summary>
        public void Shepherd()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"I Am {nameof(XiaoYezi)}, 我在牧羊 !!!!!");
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 十一
    /// </summary>
    internal class ShiYi : IHuskyDog
    {
        public void Bark()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"I Am {nameof(ShiYi)} 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!");
        }

        public void Demolition()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"I Am {nameof(ShiYi)} ,拆家啦 !!!!!");
        }

        public void Eat()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"I Am {nameof(ShiYi)} 好吃得停不下來 !!!!!");
        }
    }

那麼,用程式碼怎麼寫呢?或許你會定義一個變葉子的介面,有個方法叫HerdingChicken ,讓其實現牧雞的技能就行,但是實際上這裡有兩個主要問題:

  • 葉子本身是一個狗,如果其他人實現了這個介面,他能變葉子?是不是前提他是狗
  • 假如葉子不單單只是牧雞,她會牧鵝、豬、牧自己?還得多介面,或者在變葉子的介面加方法給其實現

這時候介面卡模式就是可以適應這種情況:

 internal class XiaoYeziAdapter : IShepherdDog
    {
        public IDog Dog { get; set; }

        public XiaoYeziAdapter(IDog dog)
        {
            Dog = dog;
        }

        public void Bark()
        {
            Dog.Bark();
        }

        public void Eat()
        {
            Dog.Eat();
        }

        public void Shepherd()
        {
            if (Dog is IShepherdDog shepherdDog)
            {
                shepherdDog.Shepherd();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 牧雞
        /// </summary>
        public void HerdingChicken()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{Dog.GetType().Name} is Herding Chicken");
        }
    }


程式碼如下:


var xiaoYezi = new XiaoYezi();
var xiaoYeziAdapter = new XiaoYeziAdapter(xiaoYezi);
xiaoYeziAdapter.Bark();
xiaoYeziAdapter.Eat();
xiaoYeziAdapter.HerdingChicken();

Console.WriteLine("---------------- \n");

var shiYi = new ShiYi();
xiaoYeziAdapter = new XiaoYeziAdapter(shiYi);
xiaoYeziAdapter.Bark();
xiaoYeziAdapter.Eat();
xiaoYeziAdapter.HerdingChicken();

輸出:

I Am XiaoYezi 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!
I Am XiaoYezi 好吃 !!!!!
XiaoYezi 在牧雞
----------------

I Am ShiYi 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!
I Am ShiYi 好吃得停不下來 !!!!!
ShiYi 在牧雞

可以看到,十一用了小葉子介面卡,也具備了牧雞的功能

那麼反過來,葉子變十一呢?那就定義一個十一介面卡唄


 internal class ShiYiAdapter : IHuskyDog
    {
        public IDog Dog { get; set; }

        public ShiYiAdapter(IDog dog)
        {
            Dog=dog;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 吠
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public void Bark()
        {
            Dog.Bark();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 拆家
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public void Demolition()
        {
            if (Dog is IHuskyDog huskyDog)
            {
                huskyDog.Demolition();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 吃
        /// </summary>
        /// <exception cref="NotImplementedException"></exception>
        public void Eat()
        {
            Dog.Eat();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 賣萌
        /// </summary>
        public void ActingCute()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{Dog.GetType().Name} 賣萌啦!!");
        }
    }

程式碼如下:


var xiaoYezi = new XiaoYezi();
var shiYiAdapter = new ShiYiAdapter(xiaoYezi);
shiYiAdapter.Bark();
shiYiAdapter.ActingCute();
shiYiAdapter.Demolition();

Console.WriteLine("---------------- \n");

var shiYi = new ShiYi();
shiYiAdapter = new ShiYiAdapter(shiYi);
shiYiAdapter.Bark();
shiYiAdapter.ActingCute();
shiYiAdapter.Demolition();

輸出:

I Am XiaoYezi 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!
XiaoYezi 賣萌啦!!
----------------

I Am ShiYi 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!
ShiYi 賣萌啦!!
I Am ShiYi ,拆家啦 !!!!!

看,小葉子具備賣萌的技能了,而且由於拆家是哈士奇的技能,因此小葉子拆家沒拆到,實際上,或者賣萌和牧雞隻是哈仔十一(大哈)家的特色,那麼是不是可以定義一個大哈家的介面卡


    /// <summary>
    /// 哈仔十一家的狗介面卡
    /// </summary>
    internal class DaHaFamilyDogAdapter
    {
        public IDog Dog { get; set; }

        public DaHaFamilyDogAdapter(IDog dog)
        {
            Dog = dog;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 牧雞
        /// </summary>
        public void HerdingChicken()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{Dog.GetType().Name} 在牧雞");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 賣萌
        /// </summary>
        public void ActingCute()
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{Dog.GetType().Name} 在賣萌");
        }
    }

那麼

var xiaoYezi = new XiaoYezi();
var daHaFamilyDogAdapter = new DaHaFamilyDogAdapter(xiaoYezi);
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.Bark();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.Eat();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.HerdingChicken();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.ActingCute();

Console.WriteLine("---------------- \n");

var shiYi = new ShiYi();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter = new DaHaFamilyDogAdapter(shiYi);
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.Bark();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.Eat();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.HerdingChicken();
daHaFamilyDogAdapter.ActingCute();

輸出:

I Am XiaoYezi 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!
I Am XiaoYezi 好吃 !!!!!
XiaoYezi 在牧雞
XiaoYezi 在賣萌
----------------

I Am ShiYi 汪 汪 汪 !!!!!
I Am ShiYi 好吃得停不下來 !!!!!
ShiYi 在牧雞
ShiYi 在賣萌