在瞭解MyBatis架構以及核心內容分析後,我們可以研究MyBatis執行過程,包括
而且在面試會問到一下關於MyBatis初始化的問題,比如:
在 MyBatis 初始化過程中,會載入 mybatis-config.xml
組態檔、Mapper.xml
對映組態檔以及 Mapper 介面中的註解資訊,解析後的設定資訊會形成相應的物件並儲存到 Configuration
物件中。初始化過程可以分成三部分:
解析mybatis-config.xml
組態檔
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder
XMLConfigBuilder
Configuration
解析Mapper.xml
對映組態檔
XMLMapperBuilder::parse()
XMLStatementBuilder::parseStatementNode
()XMLLanguageDriver
SqlSource
MappedStatement
解析Mapper介面中的註解
MapperRegistry
MapperAnnotationBuilder::parse()
mybatis-config.xml
組態檔MyBatis
的初始化流程的入口是 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder::build(Reader reader, String environment, Properties properties)
方法,看看具體流程圖:
public SqlSessionFactory build(InputStream inputStream, String environment, Properties properties) {
try {
XMLConfigBuilder parser = new XMLConfigBuilder(inputStream, environment, properties);
return build(parser.parse());
} catch (Exception e) {
throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error building SqlSession.", e);
} finally {
ErrorContext.instance().reset();
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// Intentionally ignore. Prefer previous error.
}
}
}
首先會使用XMLConfigBuilder::parser()
解析mybatis-config.xml
組態檔,
configuration
內的資料封裝成XNode
,configuration
也是 MyBatis 中最重要的一個標籤XNode
解析mybatis-config.xml
組態檔的各個標籤轉變為各個物件private void parseConfiguration(XNode root) {
try {
//issue #117 read properties first
propertiesElement(root.evalNode("properties"));
Properties settings = settingsAsProperties(root.evalNode("settings"));
loadCustomVfs(settings);
typeAliasesElement(root.evalNode("typeAliases"));
pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins"));
objectFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectFactory"));
objectWrapperFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectWrapperFactory"));
reflectorFactoryElement(root.evalNode("reflectorFactory"));
settingsElement(settings);
// read it after objectFactory and objectWrapperFactory issue #631
environmentsElement(root.evalNode("environments"));
databaseIdProviderElement(root.evalNode("databaseIdProvider"));
typeHandlerElement(root.evalNode("typeHandlers"));
mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers"));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BuilderException("Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
再基於Configuration
使用SqlSessionFactoryBuilder::build()
生成DefaultSqlSessionFactory
供給後續執行使用。
Mapper.xml
對映組態檔首先使用XMLMapperBuilder::parse()
解析Mapper.xml
,看看載入流程圖來分析分析
通過XPathParser::evalNode
將mapper
標籤中內容解析到XNode
public void parse() {
if (!this.configuration.isResourceLoaded(this.resource)) {
this.configurationElement(this.parser.evalNode("/mapper"));
this.configuration.addLoadedResource(this.resource);
this.bindMapperForNamespace();
}
this.parsePendingResultMaps();
this.parsePendingCacheRefs();
this.parsePendingStatements();
}
再由configurationElement()
方法去解析XNode
中的各個標籤:
namespace
parameterMap
resultMap
select|insert|update|delete
private void configurationElement(XNode context) {
try {
String namespace = context.getStringAttribute("namespace");
if (namespace == null || namespace.equals("")) {
throw new BuilderException("Mapper's namespace cannot be empty");
}
builderAssistant.setCurrentNamespace(namespace);
cacheRefElement(context.evalNode("cache-ref"));
cacheElement(context.evalNode("cache"));
parameterMapElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/parameterMap"));
resultMapElements(context.evalNodes("/mapper/resultMap"));
sqlElement(context.evalNodes("/mapper/sql"));
//解析MapperState
buildStatementFromContext(context.evalNodes("select|insert|update|delete"));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BuilderException("Error parsing Mapper XML. The XML location is '" + resource + "'. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
其中,基於XMLMapperBuilder::buildStatementFromContext()
,遍歷 <select />
、<insert />
、<update />
、<delete />
節點們,逐個建立XMLStatementBuilder
物件,執行解析,通過XMLStatementBuilder::parseStatementNode()
解析,
parameterType
resultType
selectKey
等並會通過LanguageDriver::createSqlSource()
(預設XmlLanguageDriver
)解析動態sql生成SqlSource
(詳細內容請看下個小節),
GenericTokenParser::parser()
負責將 SQL 語句中的 #{}
替換成相應的 ?
預留位置,並獲取該 ?
預留位置對應的而且通過MapperBuilderAssistant::addMappedStatement()
生成MappedStatement
public void parseStatementNode() {
//獲得 id 屬性,編號
String id = context.getStringAttribute("id");
String databaseId = context.getStringAttribute("databaseId");
// 判斷 databaseId 是否匹配
if (!databaseIdMatchesCurrent(id, databaseId, this.requiredDatabaseId)) {
return;
}
//解析獲得各種屬性
Integer fetchSize = context.getIntAttribute("fetchSize");
Integer timeout = context.getIntAttribute("timeout");
String parameterMap = context.getStringAttribute("parameterMap");
String parameterType = context.getStringAttribute("parameterType");
Class<?> parameterTypeClass = resolveClass(parameterType);
String resultMap = context.getStringAttribute("resultMap");
String resultType = context.getStringAttribute("resultType");
String lang = context.getStringAttribute("lang");
//獲得 lang 對應的 LanguageDriver 物件
LanguageDriver langDriver = getLanguageDriver(lang);
//獲得 resultType 對應的類
Class<?> resultTypeClass = resolveClass(resultType);
String resultSetType = context.getStringAttribute("resultSetType");
//獲得 statementType 對應的列舉值
StatementType statementType = StatementType.valueOf(context.getStringAttribute("statementType", StatementType.PREPARED.toString()));
//獲得 resultSet 對應的列舉值
ResultSetType resultSetTypeEnum = resolveResultSetType(resultSetType);
String nodeName = context.getNode().getNodeName();
//獲得 SQL 對應的 SqlCommandType 列舉值
SqlCommandType sqlCommandType = SqlCommandType.valueOf(nodeName.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
boolean isSelect = sqlCommandType == SqlCommandType.SELECT;
//解析獲得各種屬性
boolean flushCache = context.getBooleanAttribute("flushCache", !isSelect);
boolean useCache = context.getBooleanAttribute("useCache", isSelect);
boolean resultOrdered = context.getBooleanAttribute("resultOrdered", false);
//建立 XMLIncludeTransformer 物件,並替換 <include /> 標籤相關的內容
XMLIncludeTransformer includeParser = new XMLIncludeTransformer(configuration, builderAssistant);
includeParser.applyIncludes(context.getNode());
//解析 <selectKey /> 標籤
processSelectKeyNodes(id, parameterTypeClass, langDriver);
//建立 SqlSource生成動態sql
SqlSource sqlSource = langDriver.createSqlSource(configuration, context, parameterTypeClass);
String resultSets = context.getStringAttribute("resultSets");
String keyProperty = context.getStringAttribute("keyProperty");
String keyColumn = context.getStringAttribute("keyColumn");
KeyGenerator keyGenerator;
String keyStatementId = id + SelectKeyGenerator.SELECT_KEY_SUFFIX;
keyStatementId = builderAssistant.applyCurrentNamespace(keyStatementId, true);
if (configuration.hasKeyGenerator(keyStatementId)) {
keyGenerator = configuration.getKeyGenerator(keyStatementId);
} else {
keyGenerator = context.getBooleanAttribute("useGeneratedKeys",
configuration.isUseGeneratedKeys() && SqlCommandType.INSERT.equals(sqlCommandType))
? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
}
//建立 MappedStatement 物件
this.builderAssistant.addMappedStatement(id, sqlSource, statementType, sqlCommandType, fetchSize, timeout, parameterMap, parameterTypeClass,
resultMap, resultTypeClass, resultSetTypeEnum, flushCache,
useCache, resultOrdered, (KeyGenerator)keyGenerator, keyProperty,
keyColumn, databaseId, langDriver, resultSets);
}
Mapper
介面中的註解當執行完XMLMapperBuilder::configurationElement()
方法後,會呼叫XMLMapperBuilder::bindMapperForNamespace()
會轉換成對介面上註解進行掃描,具體通過MapperRegistry::addMapper()
呼叫MapperAnnotationBuilder
實現的
MapperAnnotationBuilder::parse()
是註解構造器,負責解析 Mapper
介面上的註解,解析時需要注意避免和 XMLMapperBuilder::parse()
方法衝突,重複解析,最終使用parseStatement
解析,那怎麼操作?
public void parse() {
String resource = type.toString();
//判斷當前 Mapper 介面是否應載入過。
if (!configuration.isResourceLoaded(resource)) {
//載入對應的 XML Mapper,注意避免和 `XMLMapperBuilder::parse()` 方法衝突
loadXmlResource();
//標記該 Mapper 介面已經載入過
configuration.addLoadedResource(resource);
assistant.setCurrentNamespace(type.getName());
//解析 @CacheNamespace 註解
parseCache();
parseCacheRef();
//遍歷每個方法,解析其上的註解
Method[] methods = type.getMethods();
for (Method method : methods) {
try {
if (!method.isBridge()) {
//執行解析
parseStatement(method);
}
} catch (IncompleteElementException e) {
configuration.addIncompleteMethod(new MethodResolver(this, method));
}
}
}
//解析待定的方法
parsePendingMethods();
}
那其中最重要的parseStatement()
是怎麼操作?其實跟解析Mapper.xml
型別主要處理流程類似:
通過載入LanguageDriver
,GenericTokenParser
等為生成SqlSource
動態sql作準備使用MapperBuilderAssistant::addMappedStatement()
生成註解@mapper
,@CacheNamespace
等的MappedStatement
資訊void parseStatement(Method method) {
//獲取介面引數型別
Class<?> parameterTypeClass = getParameterType(method);
//載入語言處理器,預設XmlLanguageDriver
LanguageDriver languageDriver = getLanguageDriver(method);
//根據LanguageDriver,GenericTokenParser生成動態SQL
SqlSource sqlSource = getSqlSourceFromAnnotations(method, parameterTypeClass, languageDriver);
if (sqlSource != null) {
//獲取其他屬性
Options options = method.getAnnotation(Options.class);
final String mappedStatementId = type.getName() + "." + method.getName();
Integer fetchSize = null;
Integer timeout = null;
StatementType statementType = StatementType.PREPARED;
ResultSetType resultSetType = null;
SqlCommandType sqlCommandType = getSqlCommandType(method);
boolean isSelect = sqlCommandType == SqlCommandType.SELECT;
boolean flushCache = !isSelect;
boolean useCache = isSelect;
//獲得 KeyGenerator 物件
KeyGenerator keyGenerator;
String keyProperty = null;
String keyColumn = null;
if (SqlCommandType.INSERT.equals(sqlCommandType) || SqlCommandType.UPDATE.equals(sqlCommandType)) { // 有
// first check for SelectKey annotation - that overrides everything else
//如果有 @SelectKey 註解,則進行處理
SelectKey selectKey = method.getAnnotation(SelectKey.class);
if (selectKey != null) {
keyGenerator = handleSelectKeyAnnotation(selectKey, mappedStatementId, getParameterType(method), languageDriver);
keyProperty = selectKey.keyProperty();
//如果無 @Options 註解,則根據全域性設定處理
} else if (options == null) {
keyGenerator = configuration.isUseGeneratedKeys() ? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
// 如果有 @Options 註解,則使用該註解的設定處理
} else {
keyGenerator = options.useGeneratedKeys() ? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
keyProperty = options.keyProperty();
keyColumn = options.keyColumn();
}
// 無
} else {
keyGenerator = NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
}
//初始化各種屬性
if (options != null) {
if (FlushCachePolicy.TRUE.equals(options.flushCache())) {
flushCache = true;
} else if (FlushCachePolicy.FALSE.equals(options.flushCache())) {
flushCache = false;
}
useCache = options.useCache();
fetchSize = options.fetchSize() > -1 || options.fetchSize() == Integer.MIN_VALUE ? options.fetchSize() : null; //issue #348
timeout = options.timeout() > -1 ? options.timeout() : null;
statementType = options.statementType();
resultSetType = options.resultSetType();
}
// 獲得 resultMapId 編號字串
String resultMapId = null;
//如果有 @ResultMap 註解,使用該註解為 resultMapId 屬性
ResultMap resultMapAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(ResultMap.class);
if (resultMapAnnotation != null) {
String[] resultMaps = resultMapAnnotation.value();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (String resultMap : resultMaps) {
if (sb.length() > 0) {
sb.append(",");
}
sb.append(resultMap);
}
resultMapId = sb.toString();
// 如果無 @ResultMap 註解,解析其它註解,作為 resultMapId 屬性
} else if (isSelect) {
resultMapId = parseResultMap(method);
}
//構建 MappedStatement 物件
assistant.addMappedStatement(
mappedStatementId,
sqlSource,
statementType,
sqlCommandType,
fetchSize,
timeout,
// ParameterMapID
null,
parameterTypeClass,
resultMapId,
getReturnType(method),
resultSetType,
flushCache,
useCache,
// TODO gcode issue #577
false,
keyGenerator,
keyProperty,
keyColumn,
// DatabaseID
null,
languageDriver,
// ResultSets
options != null ? nullOrEmpty(options.resultSets()) : null);
}
}
SqlSource
當在執行langDriver::createSqlSource(configuration, context, parameterTypeClass)
中的時候, 是怎樣從 Mapper XML
或方法註解上讀取SQL
內容生成動態SqlSource
的呢?現在來一探究竟,
首先需要獲取langDriver
實現XMLLanguageDriver
/RawLanguageDriver
,現在使用預設的XMLLanguageDriver::createSqlSource(configuration, context, parameterTypeClass)
開啟建立,再使用XMLScriptBuilder::parseScriptNode()
解析生成SqlSource
DynamicSqlSource
: 動態的 SqlSource
實現類 , 適用於使用了 OGNL 表示式,或者使用了 ${}
表示式的 SQLRawSqlSource
: 原始的 SqlSource
實現類 , 適用於僅使用 #{}
表示式,或者不使用任何表示式的情況public SqlSource parseScriptNode() {
MixedSqlNode rootSqlNode = this.parseDynamicTags(this.context);
Object sqlSource;
if (this.isDynamic) {
sqlSource = new DynamicSqlSource(this.configuration, rootSqlNode);
} else {
sqlSource = new RawSqlSource(this.configuration, rootSqlNode, this.parameterType);
}
return (SqlSource)sqlSource;
}
那就選擇其中一種來分析一下RawSqlSource
,怎麼完成構造的呢?看看RawSqlSource
建構函式:
public RawSqlSource(Configuration configuration, String sql, Class<?> parameterType) {
SqlSourceBuilder sqlSourceParser = new SqlSourceBuilder(configuration);
Class<?> clazz = parameterType == null ? Object.class : parameterType;
this.sqlSource = sqlSourceParser.parse(sql, clazz, new HashMap());
}
使用SqlSourceBuilder::parse()
去解析SQl,裡面又什麼神奇的地方呢?
public SqlSource parse(String originalSql, Class<?> parameterType, Map<String, Object> additionalParameters) {
SqlSourceBuilder.ParameterMappingTokenHandler handler = new SqlSourceBuilder.ParameterMappingTokenHandler(this.configuration, parameterType, additionalParameters);
//建立基於#{}的GenericTokenParser
GenericTokenParser parser = new GenericTokenParser("#{", "}", handler);
String sql = parser.parse(originalSql);
return new StaticSqlSource(this.configuration, sql, handler.getParameterMappings());
}
ParameterMappingTokenHandler
是 SqlSourceBuilder
的內部私有靜態類, ParameterMappingTokenHandler
,負責將匹配到的 #{
和 }
對,替換成相應的 ?
預留位置,並獲取該 ?
預留位置對應的 org.apache.ibatis.mapping.ParameterMapping
物件。
並基於ParameterMappingTokenHandler
使用GenericTokenParser::parse()
將SQL中的#{}
轉化預留位置?
預留位置後建立一個StaticSqlSource
返回。
在 MyBatis 初始化過程中,會載入 mybatis-config.xml
組態檔、Mapper.xml
對映組態檔以及 Mapper 介面中的註解資訊,解析後的設定資訊會形成相應的物件並全部儲存到 Configuration
物件中,並建立DefaultSqlSessionFactory
供SQl執行過程建立出頂層介面SqlSession
供給使用者進行操作。
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